Loading…
This schedule is a draft. Events may change at any time. Click the links below to manage your conference experience. Adding events to your personal schedule does not reserve a space for you.

Register  |  Add Tickets  |  Book Hotel
arrow_back View All Dates
Wednesday, May 22
 

6:45am MDT

(Wellness) Run and Stretch
Start the day outside with a run, jog, or walk through downtown Salt Lake City and Memory Grove Park. Meet at the hotel's main entrance before heading out.

We have a 5k running route planned for those who are up for it, but you’re welcome to show up and connect with others who may prefer a shorter walk or jog. We will regroup outside the hotel for some stretching before heading inside for the day.

Wednesday May 22, 2024 6:45am - 7:30am MDT
Depart from the Marriott Downtown at City Creek Main Entrance 75 S W Temple St, Salt Lake City, UT, USA

8:30am MDT

8:55am MDT

(Opening) In Honor of Juneteenth: Conservation of General Order #3 at the National Archives
General Order # 3 is an original document of the United States government that bears witness to the events of June 19, 1865. This day is commemorated as Juneteenth and since 2021 is celebrated as a federal holiday. The Order was issued by U.S. Army General Gordon Granger in Galveston, Texas. It fulfilled the terms of the Emancipation Proclamation, which was signed by President Lincoln two and a half years earlier.

This presentation describes the journey of discovery of the original Order in the stacks of the US National Archives that served as context for decisions on the conservation and exhibition of the historic government ledger. The story of this conservation treatment is a lesson in treating a bound volume containing a document of monumental significance as a whole object in order to retain meaningful historicity and to ensure the physical stability of the displayed pages.

For the thousands of people including US Citizens and international visitors who see the Juneteenth order exhibited along with the Emancipation Proclamation, the conservation treatment outcome informs the viewer on the role of archives to preserve the written record in original formats when possible and practical. The presentation describes the debate on whether to disbind or retain the ledger format, the treatment itself, and some observations on the details of the complex treatment, including an unexpected detail in the midst of the project.

Authors
avatar for Sonya Barron

Sonya Barron

Conservator, National Archives and Records Administration
Sonya Barron is a book and paper conservator at the National Archives and Records Administration. She has previously worked at the Huntington Library in San Marino, CA Iowa State University Library in Ames and at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC. She started... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Sonya Barron

Sonya Barron

Conservator, National Archives and Records Administration
Sonya Barron is a book and paper conservator at the National Archives and Records Administration. She has previously worked at the Huntington Library in San Marino, CA Iowa State University Library in Ames and at the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum in Washington DC. She started... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 8:55am - 9:10am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

9:10am MDT

(Opening) Investing in African American Community Engagement at the UCLA/Getty Conservation Program
The UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage is addressing our changing and uncertain future from multiple angles, including an increased engagement with historically underrepresented communities. Our recently created Director of Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice position was specifically designed to employ a conservator who could help the Program contribute to the preservation of African American cultural heritage. In time, we hope to expand our model to serve other underserved communities. This presentation will cover the structure of this position as a model for engaging with underrepresented communities and further instigating DEIA progress. We include examples of our current work with community partners, and present challenges faced in our efforts.

The Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice initiative has a number of distinct goals. In addition to forming external preservation-focused collaborations with African American organizations, we also seek to codify inclusive thinking into the educational experience within our Program through developing collaborative projects for coursework, creating internship opportunities related to African American culture and history, providing diverse learning opportunities for students, and revising Program policies. Time for outreach and activism is also built into the role.

The American conservation field is woefully lacking in diversity. Although conservators handle a wide variety of cultural items, they typically work within a colonial framework in which African American material culture is overlooked. Here we present targeted investment in community engagement as a pathway towards increased inclusion of African American people and their cultural heritage. Too often DEIA work is an add-on to cultural heritage practices, and conservators of color regularly take on this extra work without additional compensation. We believe that DEIA advances are doomed to fail or will have very little long-term effect if there are not paid staff dedicated to this work.

Although the UCLA/Getty Conservation Program has a history of championing DEIA and community outreach projects, it became clear that a specific position was needed through which the Director could devote the majority of her time to creating collaborative projects with underrepresented communities. We also gave this position a local focus so that the Conservation Program could practice the ethos of being a good neighbor and reach out to those in our direct vicinity. This meant first extending a hand towards a wider circle of individuals within the UCLA community, followed by culturally specific arts institutions in Southern California and local conservators. We believe that it is the responsibility of conservators to respond to population diversity and to raise expectations by initiating conversations with historically underrepresented communities. With an open mind, conservators can respond to community needs while simultaneously working to revise our internal organizational cultures. In this way, embracing change will ultimately make our field more resilient to change and better positioned to contribute to preservation efforts that engage communities with their cultural heritage in addition to preserving it for the future.

Authors
avatar for Anya Dani

Anya Dani

Director of Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice / Lecturer, UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage
Anya Dani (she/her) is an objects conservator specializing in community-based conservation. She is currently the Director of Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice/Lecturer at the UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage where she develops... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Anya Dani

Anya Dani

Director of Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice / Lecturer, UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage
Anya Dani (she/her) is an objects conservator specializing in community-based conservation. She is currently the Director of Community Engagement and Inclusive Practice/Lecturer at the UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage where she develops... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 9:10am - 9:25am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

9:25am MDT

(Opening) Stitching Memories: Collaborating with Trans Survivors to Preserve Their Photographic Histories
The Trans Memory Archive (AMT for its acronym in Spanish) is a collaborative and independent project founded in 2012 by trans activist María Belén Correa as a result of her friendship with Claudia Pía Baudracco. During her lifetime, Claudia Pía has devoted herself to keeping photos and letters of herself and her friends with the intention of keeping a record of her life and the life of the transvestite/trans collective. For many years, the trans collective was marked by persecution and state abandonment, the denial of their identity in educational and health institutions and the continuous association with delinquency. Months before the approval of the Gender Law in Argentina, Claudia passed away and left as a legacy to María Belén the collection of photographs she had treasured. These photographs, survivors of exile, dictatorship and police repression, are the triggers of the Trans Memory Archive.

In its beginnings, the AMT was a virtual space organized through a private group within the Facebook platform. For more than two years, more than 1,400 members of the Argentine trans community shared their photographs, testimonies and memories from different regions of the world. In 2014, Cecilia Estalles, visual artist and current general coordinator, joined the project. Together with María Belén, they began to search for and collect the photographic and written material of the survivors with the intention of digitizing it and disseminating the project.

In September 2021, thanks to the International Trans Fund support, the team was able to rent a space specifically for its archiving tasks. At that time, I was called to train the conservation area to renew the storage systems for photographs.

The tasks within the AMT are carried out by a team made up of trans survivors over 50 years of age. With them we initiated a collaborative work of mutual and continuous learning. As a result, we generate models of paper envelopes for photographs, sewed by sewing machine, without adhesives. We also designed folded models of folders and boxes to contain the units and photo albums. We designed work strategies that would allow us to repeat our processes and to teach new members the tasks we had been performing.

The purpose of this work is to share an experience where the protagonists are the ones in charge of preserving the photographs and documents that recover their memory. They have gradually learned conservation and archival tasks. This allowed them to improve their procedures and expand their work in relation to the management of written, photographic and audiovisual material.

We believe that it is relevant for the field of conservation to incorporate voices that for years have been silenced and to highlight their work and collective struggle. One of the main strengths of the Archive is the commitment of its members and the conviction that the preservation of memory allows us to build a future with greater equality, dialogue and collective construction.

Authors
avatar for Carolina Nastri

Carolina Nastri

Conservator, Archivo de la Memoria Trans
Carolina Nastri is currently responsible for the conservation area of the Archivo de la Memoria Trans and the Fundación Larivière Fotografía Latinoamericana. She is a member of the Conservation and Museography team at the Ethnographic Museum J. L. Ambrosetti, University of Buenos... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Carolina Nastri

Carolina Nastri

Conservator, Archivo de la Memoria Trans
Carolina Nastri is currently responsible for the conservation area of the Archivo de la Memoria Trans and the Fundación Larivière Fotografía Latinoamericana. She is a member of the Conservation and Museography team at the Ethnographic Museum J. L. Ambrosetti, University of Buenos... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 9:25am - 9:40am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

9:40am MDT

(Opening) Creating A Preservation Program: The Challenges of Engaging The Public
Amy Barry Cemetery Program Manager Utah State Historic Preservation Office 3760 S Highland Dr Millcreek, UT 84106 amybarry@utah.gov 801-245-7247

Creating a Preservation Program: The Challenges of Engaging the Public

In the absence of any organized, skilled effort to further preservation people seek information in accessible places. The public generally have no method in which to gauge its value or acceptability. Cemetery conservation has been a growing field of interest for people that has resulted in many incorrect and damaging practices in the effort to conserve. Consequently, well-intentioned people have attempted repairs on historic stones that have caused more harm than good. Often when conservators speak of cultural heritage they are focused on work held in a museum or other venue with a custodial presence. This view completely ignores the heritage, artwork, and history found in cemeteries.

Research and laboratory testing for stone conservation, specifically for headstones has been driven by work done on east coast and southern states. It has yielded knowledge on the best practices going forward and the products that will not cause harm to the stones. Yet, this knowledge is not readily accessible or passed down to the public level in a way that the can discern what is correct. This knowledge gap in headstone conservation was the catalyst to create a preservation effort within the Utah Cemetery Program. The program specifically works to educate and connect the public with this knowledge and hands-on practice.

In my proposed presentation, I will talk about the creation of the preservation program for cemeteries and how it interacts with the general public, interested organizations, cemetery personnel and other practitioners. I will discuss the challenges of communicating the art and science of conservation with the public as we work to preserve the cultural heritage of our ancestors.

Authors
avatar for Amy Barry

Amy Barry

Cemetery Program Manager, Utah State Historic Preservation Office
Amy joined the Utah State History Division in 2014 as the Program Manager for the Utah State Cemeteries Program. Initially the program centered on a statewide burials database that still provides valuable information for the public. Amy has grown this program to oversee grants for... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Amy Barry

Amy Barry

Cemetery Program Manager, Utah State Historic Preservation Office
Amy joined the Utah State History Division in 2014 as the Program Manager for the Utah State Cemeteries Program. Initially the program centered on a statewide burials database that still provides valuable information for the public. Amy has grown this program to oversee grants for... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 9:40am - 9:55am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

10:00am MDT

Break in The Exhibit Hall
Wednesday May 22, 2024 10:00am - 10:30am MDT
Exhibit Hall: Hall 1 (Salt Palace)

10:00am MDT

(Poster Session) May 22-23, 10 am to 5:30 pm - Abstracts listed at the end of the schedule for readability only
The Poster Session will be held in the AIC Exhibit Hall from 10 AM to 5:30 PM on May 22 and May 23.  

Wednesday May 22, 2024 10:00am - 5:30pm MDT
Exhibit Hall: Hall 1 (Salt Palace)

10:40am MDT

(Opening) A New Discovery of Chiura Obata’s Drawings
In August 2022, full scale charcoal preparatory drawings and over one hundred ink/sumi drawings were found inside Chiura Obata’s four-panel folding screen. A prominent Japanese American artist of the twentieth century with a unique focus on the American West, Chiura Obata (1885-1975) was born in Japan, trained in traditional Japanese painting, and immigrated to the United States in 1903 at the age of 18. He remained relatively obscure until recent decades. Obata created sketches of the aftermath of the San Francisco earthquake, and watercolors and prints that celebrate the quiet beauty of the Sierra Nevada Mountains along with other western landscapes. He became a faculty member of the Art Department at the University of California, Berkeley in 1932. His body of work came during the early twentieth century at a time of high anti-Japanese immigrant sentiment, and the artist himself was forced into an internment camp in Topaz, Utah, during World War II.

In 2022, the Utah Museum of Fine Arts (UMFA) was gifted 35 of Obata’s works from the artist’s family. One of the works was “Horses”, a four-panel folding screen that illustrates a synthesis of Japanese and American art techniques and the artist’s mastery of sumi painting. This screen was not part of a 2018 retrospective on the artist at the UMFA due to condition issues.

Through a generous grant from the Bank of America’s Art Conservation Project in 2022, “Horses” was sent to The Nishio Conservation Studio in Washington D.C. for conservation treatment that included full remounting of the painting. During the dismantling, a multitude of surprises were discovered including full scale preparatory charcoal drawings of “Horses” and over one hundred sumi-ink study drawings hidden inside the screen – a finding worthy of a second conservation grant from Bank of America in 2023.

This four-panel folding screen was perhaps constructed by the artist himself with materials available to him at the time. The under-core lattice wood was made from American cedar, not sugi Japanese cedar. Japanese paper was difficult to source so the artist used his own practice sketches to build up the internal layers of the screen. These rare drawings reveal Obata’s academic training, teaching methods and artistry with his contemporary ArtDeco influences.

This presentation will provide an overview of Obata’s work in the early 1930s, leading up to the production of “Horses” and his techniques featuring the unique fusion of Japan and California. The conservation treatment of the screen, along with the surprises found will be discussed. The four-panel screen, full scale preparatory drawings, selected works found within the screen, and a documentary video detailing this compelling story will be on view in Chiura Obata: “Layer by Layer, An Inside Look At Horses” – a special installation at the UMFA dedicated to the conservation work of this incredible discovery during the AIC Annual Meeting in Salt Lake City, 2024.

Authors
KI

Kyoichi Itoh

Senior Conservator, Nishio Conservation Studio
Kyoichi Itoh is the Senior Conservator at The Nishio Conservation Studio. Mr. Itoh began training in traditional conservation, scroll mounting, and screen mounting with his father during his childhood before becoming an apprentice at the Harada Studio in Kyoto for ten years. In 1988... Read More →
avatar for Stacey M Kelly

Stacey M Kelly

Director of Collections | Conservator, Utah Museum of Fine Arts
Stacey M. Kelly is the Director of Collections and Conservator at the Utah Museum of Fine Arts (UMFA). She has held positions in various cultural institutions including the J. Willard Marriott Library at the University of Utah, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, the Amon Carter Museum... Read More →
avatar for Luke Kelly

Luke Kelly

Associate Curator of Collections, Utah Museum of Fine Arts
Luke Kelly is the Associate Curator of Collections at the Utah Museum of Fine Arts (UMFA). In his 22nd year at the museum, he oversees the Asian and archaeological collections. He worked with Dr. ShiPu Wang as venue curator for Chiura Obata: An American Modern. Luke has curated small... Read More →
avatar for Yoshiyuki

Yoshiyuki "Yoshi" Nishio

Conservator and President, Nishio Conservation Studio
Yoshiyuki Nishio is President of the Nishio Conservation Studio, and one of the leading conservators of Asian scroll and screen paintings. His background combines traditional apprenticeship and academic training. Mr. Nishio was born in downtown Tokyo and began his art education... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Stacey M Kelly

Stacey M Kelly

Director of Collections | Conservator, Utah Museum of Fine Arts
Stacey M. Kelly is the Director of Collections and Conservator at the Utah Museum of Fine Arts (UMFA). She has held positions in various cultural institutions including the J. Willard Marriott Library at the University of Utah, the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, the Amon Carter Museum... Read More →
avatar for Yoshiyuki

Yoshiyuki "Yoshi" Nishio

Conservator and President, Nishio Conservation Studio
Yoshiyuki Nishio is President of the Nishio Conservation Studio, and one of the leading conservators of Asian scroll and screen paintings. His background combines traditional apprenticeship and academic training. Mr. Nishio was born in downtown Tokyo and began his art education... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 10:40am - 10:55am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

10:55am MDT

(Opening) “It Depends”: Teaching Undergraduate Conservation Students to Navigate and Embrace the Shades of Gray
One of the things that frustrated me the most when I began my graduate training at University College London was learning there is no single “right” answer when it comes to conservation. My professors always seemed to say, “it depends” there are many ways to achieve the same goal and many wrong answers. I struggled to wrap my mind around this concept. I was so used to things being either wrong or right that this sent my perfectionist brain into an existential spiral. This is something that I see often in my undergraduate art conservation students at the University of Delaware. They want to be told what something is, when it was made, and what the best way is to treat it. It is surprising how often I have to tell students to start with Google and Jstor and look at museums with similar types of collections when they are working on conservation reports. I understand though; uncertainty is very uncomfortable and my current students spent most of their high school and part of college years on Zoom. I really appreciate my professors’ approach. It gave us the opportunity to be wrong and problem solve. I try to pass this on to my undergraduate students. I believe embracing the shades of gray leads to research avenues, creative solutions, and student self-confidence in their decision making abilities. Even the language we use in conservation treatment proposals and condition reports incorporates this nebulousness: “probably,” “possibly,” “this evidence suggests.” Our on-site analytical techniques are limited to a multiband light source, imaging techniques, and microscopy. Special projects can be further analyzed with the help of Winterthur Museum, Garden & Library’s Scientific Research and Analysis Laboratory, but most student projects are limited to these visual techniques. Rather than being a hindrance, this allows students to develop critical thinking skills. We strive to teach them how to find this information, rather than challenging them to recall this very specific detail by memory. Even with my training, as a student I struggled to admit that I did not know something and was too intimidated to ask my supervisors, which led to me making a series of unnecessary mistakes in one of my internships. I see this tendency in my own students. I believe it is a product of the perfectionism promulgated by conservation programs, intentional or otherwise–the feeling that you can only enter the field by being a perfect, omniscient, full-formed conservator. I try my best to alleviate their fears. on the first day of each class I teach, I assure my undergrads that I am here to teach them, not test them. I can see a visible relaxation after I say these words. I still do not provide them with concrete answers, now I find myself saying “it depends,” but I am happy to guide their research towards a more useful path.

Authors
avatar for Madeline Hagerman

Madeline Hagerman

Director, Undergraduate Program, Assistant Professor, University of Delaware
Madeiine Hagerman (she/her) serves as the Director of the Undergraduate Art Conservation Program and as an Assistant Professor of Art Conservation at the University of Delaware (UD). Her work primarily centers on teaching undergrads. Originally from Wisconsin, she completed her M.A... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Madeline Hagerman

Madeline Hagerman

Director, Undergraduate Program, Assistant Professor, University of Delaware
Madeiine Hagerman (she/her) serves as the Director of the Undergraduate Art Conservation Program and as an Assistant Professor of Art Conservation at the University of Delaware (UD). Her work primarily centers on teaching undergrads. Originally from Wisconsin, she completed her M.A... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 10:55am - 11:10am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

11:10am MDT

(Opening) “Distant; Digital; Dangerous?" Novel Approaches to Contemporary Risk Management, Object Access, and Display at The Victoria and Albert Museum
The Victoria and Albert Museum (V&A) has become increasingly focused on issues of object access and sustainability, while its Conservation department continues to preserve and maintain the 2.8 million objects in its collections to the highest level possible. This has conventionally presented a conflict and tension between departments within museums. This conflict has felt particularly acute during turbulent times, when the unexpected is the most frequent occurrence and the stakes seem high. For example, the V&A no longer assumes couriers will accompany loans out and tours, which has encouraged debate about how we in Conservation will continue to meet our preservation aims while also being pragmatic.

This presentation is about the implementation of a novel approach to risk management within the Conservation department at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London, specifically in the context of exhibitions and loans out decision making. This approach now allows the museum to default to ‘yes’ more often with a confidence that collections care and object protection remain our top priority, while also encouraging sustainability and more innovative conservation practice.

Using specific examples and use cases, the presentation will outline how concerns that are rooted in conventional 20th-century conservation practices can be alleviated, as well as the benefits and outcomes of using 21st-century strategic risk approaches that make best use of technologies and expertise to help an institution more easily achieve its wider goals of access, inclusion, and education. A risk-based approach does not allow us to control the outcomes of a project or event, but it does allow us to adequately plan for the unexpected.

Authors
avatar for Vanessa Applebaum

Vanessa Applebaum

Director of Conservation, Toledo Museum of Art
Vanessa Applebaum is an accredited conservation manager and objects conservator, currently working as Director of Conservation for the Toledo Museum of Art. She previously served as Conservation Operations Manager at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London. Her research interests include... Read More →
CB

Clair Battisson

Senior Conservation Project Manager, Victoria and Albert Museum
Clair Battisson is a Senior Conservation Project Manager at the Victoria & Albert Museum (V&A). She is responsible for developing strategies and directing conservation related workstreams to ensure project team deadlines remain on track. Clair delivers large scale, multi-media projects... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Vanessa Applebaum

Vanessa Applebaum

Director of Conservation, Toledo Museum of Art
Vanessa Applebaum is an accredited conservation manager and objects conservator, currently working as Director of Conservation for the Toledo Museum of Art. She previously served as Conservation Operations Manager at the Victoria & Albert Museum in London. Her research interests include... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 11:10am - 11:25am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

11:25am MDT

(Opening) They Say Life Is Full of Surprises… It’s an Occupational Hazard for Filming Conservators
Filming on location provides a fantastic backdrop for our favourite film and TV programmes and a much-needed injection of funds for conservation projects at our treasured heritage sites. It also introduces risks of damage both to the built heritage and historic interiors and collections. Filming conservators specialise in managing the risks of damage when production companies use heritage venues as locations. Conservator input is critical during feasibility and planning stages as well as when supervising filming activities on site and evaluating lessons learned to share best practices and inform future projects.

Change is a permanent feature of the film industry in the UK. The growth in demand from streaming services means the industry is expanding rapidly, developments in technology have transformed the filmmaking process, introducing new equipment with new risks and progress in social safeguards prompted by ‘me too’ and union action have made positive strides in reforming the working environment. In response filming conservators have developed skills and resilience to cope with the increased and changing demand.

The purpose of planning is to avoid surprises on the day. The National Trust Filming & Locations Office handles four major film projects per month on average across England, Wales and Northern Ireland and much effort is spent on capturing intentions, consulting the relevant expert disciplines, checking risk assessments and method statements, and ensuring that the right information is specified in the filming agreement. However, making TV dramas and feature films is a creative process and inevitably there will be some changes of plan when the cast and crew are filming.

Past surprises have included last-minute requests for fire, food fights and fake blood, each presenting a myriad of additional, unforeseen risks to the built heritage, historic interiors and collections. The need for conservators on the ground who can manage these risks in a high-pressured environment has instigated the emergence of the filming conservator as a specialism in the UK. The filming conservator shares the knowledge and skills of a preventive conservator but thrives on working in a fast paced, everchanging environment, facilitating communication between the production company and the location and developing innovative solutions to reduce risk and facilitate filming in sensitive and challenging heritage sites. Filming conservators, such as Spencer & Fry, supervise the production prep, shoot and strike are expert in coping with surprises and managing the risks on the ground.

As an emerging specialism, the work of a filming conservator is an underrepresented topic in the conservation world. Whilst in the UK the specialism is becoming more recognised, it is unknown if this is the case worldwide. Filming projects in heritage locations can be intensive and overwhelming without the right support. A specialist filming conservator, with preventive conservation knowledge and experience of working with productions in a fast-paced environment can provide the right support to manage the risks to collections, reduce the pressure on site staff and react to any last-minute surprises to facilitate a successful shoot.

Authors
avatar for Claire Fry

Claire Fry

Preventive Conservation Consultant, Spencer & Fry
Claire Fry is a Preventive Conservator with Spencer & Fry Ltd. After training at Cardiff University, she worked for the National Trust and English Heritage before setting up Spencer & Fry in 2015. She advises and supports a variety of heritage locations on how to safely accommodate... Read More →
VM

Victoria Marsland

National Conservator, Filming & Locations, National Trust
Victoria Marsland is National Conservator, Filming & Locations at the National Trust, the biggest conservation charity in Europe that cares for hundreds of places across England, Wales and Northern Ireland. She has been a Conservator at the Trust since 2003 and for the last decade... Read More →
avatar for Charlotte Tomlin

Charlotte Tomlin

Preventive Conservator, Spencer & Fry
Charlotte Tomlin is a Preventive Conservator with Spencer & Fry Ltd. She studied conservation at Durham University and supervised her first filming projects whilst the Bute/Icon Preventive Conservation Intern with the National Trust for Scotland. Charlotte Joined Spencer & Fry in... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Charlotte Tomlin

Charlotte Tomlin

Preventive Conservator, Spencer & Fry
Charlotte Tomlin is a Preventive Conservator with Spencer & Fry Ltd. She studied conservation at Durham University and supervised her first filming projects whilst the Bute/Icon Preventive Conservation Intern with the National Trust for Scotland. Charlotte Joined Spencer & Fry in... Read More →
avatar for Claire Fry

Claire Fry

Preventive Conservation Consultant, Spencer & Fry
Claire Fry is a Preventive Conservator with Spencer & Fry Ltd. After training at Cardiff University, she worked for the National Trust and English Heritage before setting up Spencer & Fry in 2015. She advises and supports a variety of heritage locations on how to safely accommodate... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 11:25am - 11:40am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

11:40am MDT

Open Discussion
Wednesday May 22, 2024 11:40am - 11:55am MDT
Room 155 BCEF (Salt Palace)

12:00pm MDT

(Luncheon) Easel Exchange (+ $39 / $29)
The Paintings Specialty Group (PSG) is hosting a lunchtime session titled Easel Exchange. This session will allow conservators to informally present ongoing, complex treatment decision making strategies, gain feedback on current practices, and generate ideas on paths forward.

At the lunchtime session, conservators can self-select which treatment topic most interests them and/or pertains to their ongoing work, and sit with others that may be navigating similar treatments.

Tables will be divided into the following topics:

* Cleaning Considerations
* Aesthetic Integration & Inpainting
* Structural Treatments
* Varnishing Strategies
* Ethical Approaches

This lunchtime session will be limited to thirty people in order to allow for small focused open group discussion. Sign up soon to reserve your spot!Once reserved, participants will receive an email link through which they can submit a brief description of their ongoing treatment/treatment considerations which they will then share informally with the group the day of.

Limited to 30 people. Lunch will be provided. Cost is $39 with student pricing at $29.

Authors
avatar for Julianna Ly

Julianna Ly

Assistant Conservator of Paintings, Cleveland Museum of Art
Julianna Ly (she/her) is the Assistant Conservator of Paintings at the Cleveland Museum of Art (CMA). Julianna examines, treats, and conducts research on the paintings within the CMA collection, and works closely with her curatorial and conservation colleagues. Julianna's research... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:00pm - 2:00pm MDT
Room 355 D (Salt Palace)

12:00pm MDT

12:00pm MDT

(Luncheon) Proactive and Reactive: Seismic Preparedness and Lessons Learned (+ $39/$29)
Presenters at our lunchtime panel discussion will offer guidance on earthquake mitigation, prevention, and recovery. Topics range from methods to mitigate damage to structures and collections to lessons learned after seismic activity.  Salt Lake City, Utah is on the Wasatch Fault making this an appropriate venue to address this topic as staff in cultural heritage institutions and regional planners are working on solutions to prevent damage. 
Our experts will share their experience and expertise with counteracting seismic activity, through proactively retrofitting and stabilizing historic buildings, planning and designing new structures, focusing on ways to identify and reduce risk during planning. Discussions will include examples of successes, mistakes, and even failures. Participants and presenters will have an opportunity to ask each other questions after the presentations. The goal of the lunchtime panel discussion is to offer solutions for identifying and mitigating risks, foster planning to reduce damage, and encourage interdisciplinary conversations to develop innovative solutions.
Speaker: Sarah B. George, Executive Director Emeritus, Natural History Museum of Utah
Designing a Museum in an Active Seismic Zone – 10-15 minutes
Salt Lake City is one of the most seismically hazardous urban areas in the interior of the United States because of its location along the Wasatch Fault, at the eastern edge of the highly faulted Basin and Range province.  Living in an active fault zone requires significant thought about how to protect people and objects when designing a new structure.  The Natural History Museum of Utah’s new home, the Rio Tinto Center, was designed to fit into the hillside above the city, using a variety of engineering solutions such as soldier piles and shear walls to minimize the potential for collapse in a magnitude 7 or greater earthquake.  The architects also used the concept of seismic faulting as inspiration for the form and façade of this beautiful, award-winning building. Finally, on March 18, 2020, a magnitude 5.7 earthquake struck the SLC area, with its epicenter about 18.5 miles west of the Museum. We’ll discuss how the building performed in that quake.
Speaker: Jerry Podany, Heritage Conservation Consultant, Los Angeles, CA, “Is it REALLY a surprise: effective methods of vulnerability assessment and mitigation of damage and loss from earthquakes” – 10-15 minutes
Mitigation of damage and loss due to earthquakes remains a relatively new and unexplored area within Heritage Conservation and Preventive Conservation within Museums. While considerable research and development in seismology, civil engineering and architectural design has influenced approaches to protecting built heritage, the protection of heritage collection’s remains wanting. A general lack of understanding regarding the scope of the hazard as well as the availability of effective solutions can be offset by an increase in pragmatic research, collaborative efforts between conservation and engineering professionals, and the sharing of both observations and mitigation initiatives.
 
Speaker: Jerod G. Johnson, Senior Engineer, Reaveley Engineers & Associates
The Historic Trajectory of Seismic Base Isolation Solutions to Historic Structures – 10-15 minutes
Based on a wealth of experiences gleaned over the course of his career, Jerod G. Johnson will provide brief case studies that trace the historic development of seismic base isolation solutions for historic structures. In this overview Johnson will explore the evolution of seismic engineering solutions over the past 30 years beginning with the Salt Lake City and County Building – the first historic building in the world to be retrofitted with a seismic base isolation system (1989). Next he will cover the base isolation system installed under the Utah State Capitol Building designed to withstand a 7.3 magnitude earthquake (2008). And finally, the Salt Lake City LDS Temple seismic base isolation renovation will be discussed, a yearlong project begun 27 Dec 2019 that is utilizing a state-of-the-art Japanese roller system, the first of its kind to be installed in the U.S.

Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:00pm - 2:00pm MDT
Room 258 (Salt Palace)

12:00pm MDT

(Luncheon) Socratic Dialogue: What to do with lacunae (+ $39 / $29)
Join us for the 10th Annual AIC Annual Meeting Socratic Dialogue! One of the main issues behind the theme of the AIC 51st Annual Meeting is dealing with the surprising and unexpected in conservation practice. It is noted in the summary that “We may encounter unanticipated materials on an object, have to change treatment methodology as new information comes to light, uncover new aspects of an artistic practice, discover unexpected advantages of a collaboration, or navigate shifting institutional or client priorities. While these types of uncertainty can be exciting, terrifying, and stressful, they present real opportunities for growth and learning.” Lunch will be provided.

That something surprising and unexpected can be considered “terrifying and stressful” has long been a concept in modern conservation practice. This was noticeable following a presentation by Krol and Wei given at the 2022 AIC annual meeting on the treatment of lacunae in historic wall paintings. The talk evoked a long and interesting discussion or debate on how a conservator may or should treat lacunae in general, in works of art and other heritage objects. Until a century ago, it was common to reconstruct missing parts to bring back the original appearance of an object, such as the artistic infilling of a painting, or replacing a missing part of or repairing damage to an object. However, modern conservation theory and codes of ethics have led to reconstruction becoming a less common choice for the reintegration of lacunae in favor of more subtle retouching/infilling techniques, or leaving lacunae untreated. The choice of techniques continues to be a subject of heated debate, especially when important objects are (rediscovered) and in need of treatment. In fact, one could argue that the element of surprise actually often comes after the treatment is completed. The question is, what is it that makes selecting and conducting treatments for lacunae “terrifying and stressful”?

In the continuing series of such dialogues at AIC annual meetings, a Socratic dialogue is thus proposed for members of the conservation profession to reflect on what makes the decision-making process in conservation treatments so stressful, with a focus on lacunae. A Socratic dialogue is a structured form of dialogue in which all participants actively contribute. The purpose of the dialogue is not to answer the questions of how one should treat lacunae. The Socratic method provides a safe, open environment for participants to reflect on what it is that makes the decision-making process so difficult, and to investigate what the essence is behind their own points of view as well as those of others. This session will not be recorded.

Authors
avatar for William Wei

William Wei

Senior Conservation Scientist, Independent Consultant
Dr. Wei (1955) is a senior conservation scientist in the Research Department of the Cultural Heritage Agency of the Netherlands (RCE - Rijksdienst voor het Cultureel Erfgoed). He has a B.S.E. in mechanical engineering from Princeton University (1977) and a Ph.D. in materials science... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:00pm - 2:00pm MDT
Room 355 A (Salt Palace)

12:00pm MDT

(Contemporary Art) INCCA/CAN! Speed Mentoring
Calling all Emerging Professionals! Join us for another round of INCCA/CAN! Speed Mentoring. Sign-up information coming soon.

Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:00pm - 2:00pm MDT
Room 259 Salt Palace

12:30pm MDT

(Demo) Conserv: Active Environmental Monitoring for Proactive Preservation

Join us for a demonstration of Conserv's comprehensive environmental monitoring solution. Conserv offers a holistic approach to monitoring combining wireless sensors, analytical software, and conservator-backed support. Learn how the Conserv platform employs real-time data and alerts designed to empower preservation professionals to manage collections environments efficiently, effectively, and expertly.

Authors
CW

Claire Winfield

Senior Conservation Liaison, Conserv

Exhibitors
avatar for Conserv

Conserv

Conserv is not just a data logger company, we offer the first tailor-made system for collections care. Effortless data collection from purpose-built wireless sensors with intuitive data analysis made for preservation professionals including real-time alerts. Turn on Conserv environmental... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:30pm - 12:45pm MDT
Exhibit Hall: Hall 1 (Salt Palace)

12:45pm MDT

(Demo) Tru Vue Inc.: New Sustainable Glazing Product Research
Tru Vue’s glazing products have always offered the highest aesthetic and conservation standards while providing sustainable display solutions with long-lasting quality and the ability to reuse. This demo will be an opportunity to see and give feedback on new recycled products Tru Vue is researching. Join us for a hands-on look at new product samples and free giveaway.

Sponsors
avatar for Tru Vue Inc.

Tru Vue Inc.

For over 50 years, Tru Vue fine art acrylic & glass solutions, including Optium Museum Acrylic®, Conservation Clear® Acrylic, & UltraVue® Laminated Glass, have been trusted by conservation & fine art professionals worldwide to protect & display artworks & cultural heritage. We... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 12:45pm - 1:00pm MDT
Exhibit Hall: Hall 1 (Salt Palace)

1:45pm MDT

(Demo) Getty Conservation Institute: Acoustic Emission Monitoring Video
Sponsors
avatar for Getty Conservation Institute

Getty Conservation Institute

The Getty Conservation Institute works to advance conservation practice in the visual arts, broadly interpreted to include objects, collections, architecture, and sites. It serves the conservation community through scientific research, education and training, model field projects... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 1:45pm - 2:00pm MDT
Exhibit Hall: Hall 1 (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Archaeological Heritage, Preventive Care) Underground Conservation: How the Geosciences and Humanities Can Preserve Historic Cemeteries
Conservation under the ground is just as important as preservation above the ground. Graves and cemeteries hold answers to many questions we have about the past which are difficult to uncover without disturbing burials. Geophysical methods allow researchers to see beneath the surface in a non-invasive manner. Two of these methods, electrical conductivity (EC) and ground-penetrating Radar (GPR), are being used to identify potential burials in a cemetery with a long history but few markers at the Southwest City Cemetery (sometimes referred to as “Southwest Cemetery”) in Eudora, Kansas.

Geophysics can be useful in cemeteries as a non-invasive tool for conservation. EC and GPR provide valuable data that aids in preservation planning and can inform conservation and risk assessment efforts without any unnecessary disturbance. Additionally, geophysical methods can aid heritage researchers through the identification of unknown burials. In Eudora, Kansas, geoscience is working in conjunction with conservation methods to help preserve generational memory and conserve Southwest Cemetery, an African American cemetery. By providing a non-invasive and efficient way to map and assess subsurface structures and features, geophysics can help to improve our understanding of these important historical and cultural resources, and ensure that they are preserved for future generations (Beven, 1991; Kaulb, 2019). It is postulated that, through a combination of electrical conductivity, ground-penetrating radar, and conservation efforts, an under-represented community in a small Kansas town can come back to life through death.

Southwest City Cemetery was founded in the 1850’s and was the first cemetery in Eudora. As the first cemetery in Eudora, it was used by most of the township for around ten years until white citizens decided to segregate burials. It is unknown exactly what happened, but beginning in the 1860’s Southwest Cemetery became a primarily African American cemetery. Individual accounts have even suggested that white families disinterred their dead and moved them to the new cemetery, ultimately leaving the old cemetery for people of color (Beckman, 2019). The last burial known to take place was in the 1980s, based on visible headstone dates (Beckman, 2019).

Despite over 120 years of use, there are very few grave markings remaining making it difficult for drive-by traffic to know what the plot of land represents. The cemetery was once on the edge of town, but is now at the center of a popular neighborhood. The people interred at Southwest deserve to have their history preserved. Eudora has had a long history of African American occupation, and the goal of this project will be to remember the forgotten and connect them back to the community they rest within. This presentation will provide 1) an overview of the history and background of Southwest Cemetery; 2) results of the geophysical survey and historical research analysis of the site; and 3) recommendations for future preservation opportunities to recognize and remember an important community in Eudora’s history.

Authors
avatar for Grace Awbrey

Grace Awbrey

Student, University of Kansas
Grace Awbrey is a recent graduate of the University of Kansas' MA in Museum Studies. She has a background in anthropology, archaeology, religious studies, and historic preservation.
AV

Amy Van de Riet

Associate Professor, University of Kansas
Amy Van de Riet is an Associate Professor in Architecture and Design and Coordinator of the Historic Preservation Certificate at the University of Kansas.
BS

Blair Schneider

Associate Researcher and Science Outreach Manager for the Kansas Geological Society, University of Kansas
Dr. Blair Schneider is an Associate Researcher and Science Outreach Manager for the Kansas Geological Society at the University of Kansas. She is in charge of the Forensic and Archaeological Subsurface Target (FAST) Geophysics Program at the University of Kansas.
BT

Ben Terwilliger

Executive Director, Eudora Area Historical Society
Ben Terwilliger is the Executive Director of the Eudora Area Historical Society.

Speakers
avatar for Grace Awbrey

Grace Awbrey

Student, University of Kansas
Grace Awbrey is a recent graduate of the University of Kansas' MA in Museum Studies. She has a background in anthropology, archaeology, religious studies, and historic preservation.


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Architecture) Architectural Artwork Removals: The Good, The Bad, and The Surprising
Conservation work in larger architectural projects must be nimble. The time and care required to do good work are often threatened when they are perceived as stifling project momentum, never more so than when surprises occur.

To protect historic fabric including significant art, architectural conservators have become an indispensable part of the construction industry. Incorporating a conservator’s precise work into such projects requires careful planning. Nevertheless, they often find themselves encountering surprises – both good and bad. This presentation discusses the means to include conservation work into larger projects, despite those surprises.

A masonry restoration project at a Manhattan public school required the temporary removal of a significant painted-steel sculpture. This was necessary to protect the sculpture from any damage while the surrounding brickwork was replaced. During this process, however, the team discovered that several project parameters were different from expectations. The sculpture was larger and less robust than expected, and the installation site was constrained by hidden structures. Moreover, further research revealed a previous conservation campaign, which challenged assumptions about the treatments required. Frustrating as the circumstance may be, the Architect, Engineer, Contractor, Conservator, and the Owner had to come together to devise a workable and safe solution, fast. A rigid frame of easily accessible parts was developed by the Engineer in close consultation with the Contractor’s and Conservator’s needs. The design ensured that the sculpture could move without affecting the surrounding structure, that the piece could be safely stored during the larger project’s work, and that conservation treatment of the sculpture could be done during the storage period. Teamwork saved the day.

of course, not all surprises are stressful, some work in favor of the conservators.

A restoration project at another Manhattan public school included removal of multiple terra cotta tile art pieces from the brick exterior. A program of work was developed for their removal based on documentation, survey, design drawings and probes done adjacent to one of the medallions. When the work began, several inconsistencies were discovered. The medallions were not anchored into the surrounding masonry with threaded rods on all four sides (or even two) as anticipated; and adhesive was used to secure the tiles to the brick inset on one side. However, to the relief of the Conservator and Contractor, carefully removing the bricks from only one side of the art pieces allowed them to be removed with little to no difficulty and without any damage. In this project, non-compliance with original shop-drawings and poor workmanship, surprisingly, benefited all parties involved.

Not all challenges are the same, and there is no “one solution fits all” answer for even similar challenges. Responsive problem-solving and communication skills are the most important tools that conservators need in order to face, embrace, manage, and resolve unexpected challenges.

Authors
avatar for Tania Alam

Tania Alam

Architectural Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc.
Tania Alam is currently working as an architectural conservator at Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc. (JBC) in New York City, NY. Alam graduated from Columbia University with a Master of Science in Historic Preservation (MSHP) degree from the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning... Read More →
avatar for Kevin Daly

Kevin Daly

Senior Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc.
Kevin has been active in the preservation community of the northeast US since 1995, when he received an MS in Historic Preservation (Conservation sector) from Columbia University. Since that time, he has worked in private preservation/conservation consulting within the design/construction... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Kevin Daly

Kevin Daly

Senior Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc.
Kevin has been active in the preservation community of the northeast US since 1995, when he received an MS in Historic Preservation (Conservation sector) from Columbia University. Since that time, he has worked in private preservation/conservation consulting within the design/construction... Read More →
avatar for Tania Alam

Tania Alam

Architectural Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc.
Tania Alam is currently working as an architectural conservator at Jablonski Building Conservation, Inc. (JBC) in New York City, NY. Alam graduated from Columbia University with a Master of Science in Historic Preservation (MSHP) degree from the Graduate School of Architecture, Planning... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Book & Paper) New Applications of Lascaux Acrylic Adhesive For Book and Paper Conservation
Lascaux Acrylkleber adhesives have been in use in paper conservation for over a decade. The combination of the working properties of elastic acrylic film and its ability to be both heat- and solvent- activated--as well as dilutable with water and alcohol—makes it a unique resource in the realm of conservation. It provides all the benefits of using acrylic adhesive in treatment with more control and less risk than PVA, all while being significantly more reversible.

In a pursuit to delve deeper into the interactions of Lascaux Acrylkleber with other traditional conservation adhesives favored for their reversibility, conservators at the University of Illinois undertook a series of experiments. To begin with, we were curious about Lascaux 303HV’s performance in terms of changing the mechanical characteristics of paper fibers, as well as its behavior when used with other types of reversible adhesives, such as wheat starch paste. Experimentation with varying the concentration of each adhesive, as well as testing the best methodology for the preparation of mending tissue with combined adhesives were also areas of research interest. Once we arrived at a promising formulation, we created additional testing protocols to better understand the working characteristics of Lascaux in combination with wheat starch paste applied over historic papers—including different paper stocks with test mends applied at different points in the simulated treatment process.

After early success in creating extremely fine, elastic, strong, tonable and versatile remoistenable tissues for mending and lining applications, the authors decided to test the aging characteristics of this new Lascaux/paste combination. This presentation discusses the experimental procedure and ultimate data from attempting to ascertain to what extent Lascaux might prove suitable for further applications within the domain of book and paper conservation.

Authors
avatar for Quinn Morgan Ferris

Quinn Morgan Ferris

Coordinator, Conservation Services and Senior Conservator for Special Collections, University of Illinois
Quinn Morgan Ferris is the Senior Conservator for Special Collections and Coordinator for Conservation Services at the University of Illinois Library at Urbana-Champaign, where she started as the Rare Book Conservator in 2016. Quinn's current position at the U of I includes conservation... Read More →
MV

Marco Valladares

Exhibit Conservator, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Conservation Department
Marco Valladares Perez is the Exhibit Conservator at the University of Illinois Library at Urbana-Champaign, where he has been employed since 2014. He was initially hired as a conservator of General and Medium Rare Collections, works on paper, and bound materials from Special Collections... Read More →

Speakers
MV

Marco Valladares

Exhibit Conservator, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Library, Conservation Department
Marco Valladares Perez is the Exhibit Conservator at the University of Illinois Library at Urbana-Champaign, where he has been employed since 2014. He was initially hired as a conservator of General and Medium Rare Collections, works on paper, and bound materials from Special Collections... Read More →
avatar for Quinn Morgan Ferris

Quinn Morgan Ferris

Coordinator, Conservation Services and Senior Conservator for Special Collections, University of Illinois
Quinn Morgan Ferris is the Senior Conservator for Special Collections and Coordinator for Conservation Services at the University of Illinois Library at Urbana-Champaign, where she started as the Rare Book Conservator in 2016. Quinn's current position at the U of I includes conservation... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) Close and Continuous Collaboration: Stewardship in the Conservation of the New York Empire State Plaza Collection
Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing LLC holds the contract with the New York State Office of General Services to care for and maintain the sculptures in the Nelson A. Rockefeller Empire State Plaza Art Collection (ESPAC). of particular historical and artistic significance is the monumental outdoor sculpture collection that has occupied the plaza for more than half a century which includes works by George Sugarman, Louise Nevelson, Ellsworth Kelly, Claes Oldenburg, and Clement Meadmore. The contract, representing the largest financial commitment to art conservation in the history of the collection, includes treatment of 15 large-scale and monumental sculptures that require major structural and surface remediation. These generational treatments are enormous undertakings led by Monumenta conservators and fabrication staff, who have the unique opportunity to collaborate with the original fabricator of many of the sculptures: Lippincott’s LLC.

ESPAC is certainly unique among fine art collections generally, but more importantly it was meant to be distinct from other municipal art collections from its inception. Formed as part of Rockefeller’s vision of New York’s capital city, the collection was an ambitious mid-century architectural urbanscape, built to act as the central work-force location for state employees of New York State. The plaza environment was the State’s large-scale “blank canvas,” designed to be activated by monumental sculptures. Lippincott Inc. was at the forefront of the Abstract Expressionist interest in ever-larger sculpture as the fabricator of choice for many artists represented in ESPAC’s holdings.

ESPAC’s collection, rooted in a municipal mindset, differs in condition from that of outdoor sculpture of the same period held in private or museum settings. Competition for State funding, shifting priorities of elected officials, and poorly documented interventions by State-employed tradesmen have directly affected the current state of preservation of these works. The conservation decision-making process is further complicated by many years of insufficient traditional curatorial and registration oversight, which has resulted in the loss of critical information about artist intent for the sculptures' appearance and display. In some cases, even the most fundamental aesthetic questions (such as identification of original paint color) cannot be answered by traditional art historical investigation in the collection records. Now, in the midst of major conservation treatments, the inclusion of Lippincott in the conservation process has been instrumental in informing the path for treatment.

Of the eleven outdoor sculptures treated to date, five works were originally fabricated by Lippincott's. Their treatments were directly informed by Lippincott’s firsthand experience with their fabrication. From advising on the construction and disassembly of sculptures to helping to triangulate the appearance of original painted surfaces, Lippincott’s has provided key archival information as well as a working knowledge of fabrication during Monumenta-led conservation treatments. Lippincott’s involvement has brought greater understanding of the artist’s intent to both conservators and curators.

Authors
AL

Alfred Lippincott

Principal, Lippincott's, LLC
Co-owner, Lippincott’s, LLC
AM

Abigail Mack

Objects Conservator and Owner, Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing, LLC
Senior Conservator and Co-Owner, Monumenta Art Conservation & Finishing, LLC
avatar for Sarah Montonchaikul

Sarah Montonchaikul

Assistant Conservator, Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing, LLC
Sarah Montonchaikul is the Assistant Conservator at Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing. She earned an M.S. in the conservation of historic and artistic works and an M.A. in art history from the Conservation Center at the Institute of Fine Arts (New York University). Sarah held... Read More →
ER

Ellen Rand

Senior Conservation Specialist, Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing, LLC
Senior Conservation Specialist and Co-Owner, Monumenta Art Conservation & Finishing, LLC

Speakers
avatar for Sarah Montonchaikul

Sarah Montonchaikul

Assistant Conservator, Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing, LLC
Sarah Montonchaikul is the Assistant Conservator at Monumenta Art Conservation and Finishing. She earned an M.S. in the conservation of historic and artistic works and an M.A. in art history from the Conservation Center at the Institute of Fine Arts (New York University). Sarah held... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Objects) Cannon Care: Resource for Understanding Iron Cannon Coatings and their Preservation
In the fall of 2022, the National Park Service Harpers Ferry Center (HFC) embarked on a year-long project aimed at understanding the conservation practices and materials used to care for outdoor iron cannons, thanks to a generous grant from the Samuel H. Kress Foundation (administered by the Foundation for Advancement in Conservation and the Gettysburg Foundation). Outdoor cannons and artillery are subject to humidity and temperature extremes, airborne abrasives, pests, ultraviolet radiation, and prolonged moisture from weather-related events. Routine exposure to these conditions can cause premature failure of protective coatings and paint systems, leading to rust and eventual deterioration of the metal structure. As a result, the public display and interpretation of the historic cannons can appear as general disrepair and neglect. Current procedures for treating these objects involve clearing the surface of corrosion and the removal of previous coating systems, followed by the application of a new protective primer and top-coat system. Cannon coatings have traditionally been paints, but over the past few decades new materials have been introduced, including: epoxies, polyurethanes, water-based emulsions, and other materials that offer a more durable, longer-lasting coating system that can be applied safely and more efficiently.

The basic procedure for coating outdoor cannons and artillery is relatively straightforward and understood by conservators and caretakers alike. However, the complexity lies within the selection and application of an optimal coating system deemed appropriate for an individual cannon. This selection is primarily informed by specific condition issues observed, previous treatment campaigns, the cannon’s geographic location and immediate environment, and consideration of the personnel available and responsible for coating procedures.

This research project focused on compiling and interpreting data to create a comprehensive resource that delineates specific materials, equipment, procedures, and considerations for the treatment and cyclic maintenance of outdoor iron cannons. By surveying the condition of 192 cast iron cannons on display around Gettysburg National Military Park memorial field, interviewing and receiving treatment case studies of past NPS projects, and performing the application of several treatment materials, a final “Resource for Understanding Conservation Coatings for Outdoor Iron Cannons” was produced that can be utilized by conservators and collections caretakers alike in planning and supervising coating treatment campaigns.

Authors
avatar for Liatte Dotan

Liatte Dotan

Object Conservator, Harpers Ferry Center, National Park Service
Liatte Dotan is an object conservator specializing in organic and natural history materials. She graduated from the Patricia H. and Richard E. Garman Art Conservation Department at SUNY Buffalo State in 2022 and completed her undergraduate studies at Tel Aviv University, Israel (awarded... Read More →
avatar for Nicole Peters

Nicole Peters

Conservator, NPS Harpers Ferry Center
Nicole Peters is an objects conservator for Museum Conservation Services, Harpers Ferry Center, National Park Service. She received her M.A and Certificate of Advanced Study in Art Conservation with a focus in objects conservation from Buffalo State College. Prior to her position... Read More →
avatar for Fran E. Ritchie

Fran E. Ritchie

Conservator (Objects), Harpers Ferry Center, National Park Service
FRAN RITCHIE is an objects conservator who specializes in natural science materials and historic artifacts. Prior to her current position at the National Park Service Harpers Ferry Center, she worked in the Natural Science Collections Conservation Lab and the Anthropology Objects... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Liatte Dotan

Liatte Dotan

Object Conservator, Harpers Ferry Center, National Park Service
Liatte Dotan is an object conservator specializing in organic and natural history materials. She graduated from the Patricia H. and Richard E. Garman Art Conservation Department at SUNY Buffalo State in 2022 and completed her undergraduate studies at Tel Aviv University, Israel (awarded... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Paintings) A Darkened Canvas and a Mysterious Hand: Analytical Investigation and Sustainable Approaches to the Cleaning of Morris Louis ‘Slide’ (1962)
Over the past decades, the conservation field has explored new methodologies to replace traditional approaches to cleaning cultural heritage. Atmospheric oxygen, lasers, hyper-absorbent tissue, and gels are a few additional “tools” to safely control the removal of surface deposits or oxidized materials.

The Museum of Fine Arts Houston (MFAH) has partnered with the GREen Endeavor in Art ResToration (GREENART) consortium (G.A. 101060941, www.greenart-project.eu) to test greener alternatives for the cleaning, coating, consolidation, and packaging of selected artworks within its extensive collection. Among these artworks, this contribution focuses on Morris Louis’ Slide (1962) and presents preliminary considerations related to its analytical investigation and cleaning treatment.

In his last years, American Color Field painter, Morris Louis (1912 – 1962) perfected his technique based on thinned washes of acrylic pigments used to “stain” unprimed cotton duck canvases. During the Stripe period, which lasted ten months before his untimely death in 1962, Louis created fewer than 75 paintings. These Stripe works are characterized by adjacent tall bands of vibrant colors obtained by pouring highly diluted Leonard Bocour Magna acrylic formulations to saturate the canvas weave. Louis' unique use of large canvases allowed him to control the flow and stain of the acrylic paints, resulting in some of the most iconic works of Color Field Painting.

Slide, an example of Louis’ Stripe paintings in the MFAH collection, has several conservation issues despite its generally stable condition. An overall yellowing is present, along with significant areas of staining that disrupt its intended appearance. The central area of blank canvas with uneven stains appears to have resulted from a cleaning attempt. Liquid staining in a drip pattern heavily affects the painting, especially at the lower edge, making it unsuitable for displaying in the museum galleries. The tacking edges were covered with black electrical tape, leaving a gray residue when removed. In 2013, some unsatisfactory cleaning tests ranged from agarose gel with citrate, DTPA, and benzyl alcohol to buffered solutions thickened with xanthan gum and free solvents.

For this conservation campaign, the painting was first documented using technical photography, colorimetry, and digital microscopy. Then, MA-XRF investigation of the painting was carried out to characterize the materials used and identify areas with diagnostic or uneven elemental composition that could help us understand the appearance of the painting to its conservation history. The canvas' overall discoloration could, in fact, have been caused by oxidation, a coating, or a past treatment involving a surfactant that has since oxidized as the covered areas of the canvas do not present discoloration. MA-XRF investigation revealed the unexpected presence of titanium-rich areas, uncovering the image of a human hand in the center of the canvas, whose origins are still under study.

In a second step, cleaning tests using greener alternatives were performed, which are discussed within this contribution. These preliminary attempts were tailored to the characteristics of the painting and designed within the GREENART project with the aim to remove both staining and electrical tape residues and revive the appearance of the painting.

Authors
avatar for Soraya Alcala

Soraya Alcala

Paintings Conservator, Museum of Fine Arts Houston
Soraya Alcala is a paintings conservator currently working at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston as a head of the paintings conservation lab. Previously, she worked as a conservator at the American Museum of Natural History, New York; Opera della Primaziale Pisana, Italy; the National... Read More →
avatar for Per Knutås

Per Knutås

Chairman, Department of Conservation, Museum of Fine Arts Houston
SR

Silvia Russo

PhD Fellow, Museum of Fine Arts Houston

Speakers
avatar for Soraya Alcala

Soraya Alcala

Paintings Conservator, Museum of Fine Arts Houston
Soraya Alcala is a paintings conservator currently working at the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston as a head of the paintings conservation lab. Previously, she worked as a conservator at the American Museum of Natural History, New York; Opera della Primaziale Pisana, Italy; the National... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 255 BC (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) New Originals and Former Originals: Jeff Wall’s Trân Dúc Ván
The reproducibility of film-based and digital photography provides conservators with the regular existential thrill of asking ‘what is real?’. Ongoing dialogues within the field investigate the idea of what constitutes an original and who gets to define it. The idiosyncratic terminology used to describe prints themselves - vintage, reserve, period, exhibition, modern, posthumous, reprint, etc. - suggest the varying degrees of originality or authenticity that the possibility of multiples presents. This paper will discuss the challenges of documenting the history and existence of what may be described as New Originals and Former Originals, and questions regarding the use of the Former Original for scholarship and research.




Jeff Wall’s monumental lightbox Trân Dúc Ván was created in 1988 and acquired by Carnegie Museum of Art in 1990. A popular work for loan and exhibition, fourteen years after the acquisition, Wall surprised the museum by creating a new original version of Trân Dúc Ván. Written correspondence between Wall and museum staff reveal that the decision was unprompted and unrelated to the physical condition of the original print. t. Wall explicitly specified that the new original, made possible by technological improvements in digital image manipulation, should be considered “the definitive work”. While this New Original was enthusiastically displayed and loaned, the Former Original was also retained by the Carnegie, rolled and crated, and placed into deep storage.




In the years since the switch from Former to New Original occurred, incomplete documentation, vague collection database entries, staff turnover, and a possibly poor initial understanding of the nature of the swap combined to create significant uncertainties in the originality of both versions of Trân Dúc Ván. The surprising emergence of a second, heavily damaged version of the Former Original transparencies, as well as a reserve print of the New Original further complicate the ways that the work has and has not been documented and described.

Authors
avatar for Jessica Keister

Jessica Keister

Photograph Conservator, Steel City Art Conservation
Jessica Keister is the principal conservator at Steel City Art Conservation in Pittsburgh, PA. Prior to that, she worked as the Associate Conservator for Photographs at the New York Public Library and as Paper & Photograph Conservator at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic... Read More →
CM

Chris Michaels

Audio Visual Manager, Carnegie Museum of Art
Audio Visual Manager, Carnegie Museum of Art
TK

Travis K. Snyder

Collections Information Manager & Database Administrator, Carnegie Museum of Art
Collections Information Manager and Database Administrator, Carnegie Museum of Art
MW

Mary Wilcop

Senior Manager of Conservation and Objects Conservator, Carnegie Museum of Art
Senior Manager of Conservation, Carnegie Museum of Art

Speakers
avatar for Jessica Keister

Jessica Keister

Photograph Conservator, Steel City Art Conservation
Jessica Keister is the principal conservator at Steel City Art Conservation in Pittsburgh, PA. Prior to that, she worked as the Associate Conservator for Photographs at the New York Public Library and as Paper & Photograph Conservator at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) “There Is No Such Thing as a Green Solvent:” Updates from Sustainability in Conservation’s Greener Solvents Project
The aim of the Greener Solvents Project, [https://www.siconserve.org/greener-solvents/] conceived by Sustainability in Conservation (SiC), is to create accessible resources for promoting and disseminating greener solvent research, and support conservators in their safe and appropriate implementation of greener solvent approaches. Whilst ‘green’ is a widely popular and often arbitrarily-used term, in accurate accordance with its origins in Green Chemistry, there is no such thing as a green solvent. Recognising the need for a clearer definition, our research and resources have aimed to highlight the comparative nature of solvent ‘greenness’, and the requirement to incorporate human health, environmental and professional considerations for solvent selections in conservation practice. Thus rooted in sustainability, with approaches based on hazard and life cycle assessment methods, we have worked to develop and disseminate a clearer definition and perspective of greener solvents in conservation, with a focus on application specificity, and correct, yet simplified procedures for solvent selection by conservators.

Since the project was launched in 2020 we have been actively creating such open access resources for the conservation field. Our handbook, titled "Greener Solvents in Conservation: An Introductory Guide," edited by G. R. Fife and published by Archetype Publications in 2021, is freely accessible on SiC's website. This provides valuable information on identifying the most harmful solvents, practical methods for identifying alternative solutions readily available in studios, and a step-by-step guide to implementing greener solvent practices immediately.

Privileged to be joined by an expert scientific review committee and receive sponsorship for the handbook publication, we have been continually honored by the inputs and support we have sought and received from institutional partners and individuals for their collaboration.

Acknowledging that solvent use in conservation must be changed to benefit the health and safety of the conservator and environment, a key further action point identified has been the need to survey the field to understand the current practices and solvent use within conservation. We are currently developing the survey with partners at the University of Delaware, with plans for its launch in early 2024.

We have also developed a solvent database in collaboration with the University of Delaware. This database offers conservators a comprehensive view of potential greener solvent alternatives based on the specific substrate and their environmental impact. The database includes twenty-four data inputs, categorized into four main sections: identification, solvent properties, health and safety information, and details on the solvent's application in conservation. Developing this database requires us to actively research greener solvent alternatives, which we are doing in partnership with industrial and academic research partners in the US and EU. Consistent with an aim from the beginning of the project - enable conservators to stop using their most harmful solvents - our current research focuses on substitute solvents for replacing toluene/xylene in varnish applications on paintings and coatings on metal using a variety of modeling tools.

Authors
LC

Lisa Clifford

Student, University of Delaware
avatar for Gwendoline Fife

Gwendoline Fife

Senior researcher, Rijksmuseum & SiC/Ki Culture
Gwendoline R. Fife is an art conservation consultant, Director of Sustainability in Conservation’s Greener Solvent Project, and working for the Rijksmuseum and Ki Culture in GoGreen (funded by Horizon Europe 2022-2026). After her chemistry degree from York University, she trained... Read More →
avatar for Rosie Grayburn

Rosie Grayburn

Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis Lab, Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation
Rosie Grayburn is the Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis lab at Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library and Affiliated Associate Professor in the Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation, where she teaches conservation science and analytical methodologies to graduate... Read More →
LP

Lucile Pourett

Research Team Member, Sustainability in Conservation
NT

Naomi Toyama

Student, University of Delaware

Speakers
avatar for Gwendoline Fife

Gwendoline Fife

Senior researcher, Rijksmuseum & SiC/Ki Culture
Gwendoline R. Fife is an art conservation consultant, Director of Sustainability in Conservation’s Greener Solvent Project, and working for the Rijksmuseum and Ki Culture in GoGreen (funded by Horizon Europe 2022-2026). After her chemistry degree from York University, she trained... Read More →
avatar for Rosie Grayburn

Rosie Grayburn

Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis Lab, Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation
Rosie Grayburn is the Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis lab at Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library and Affiliated Associate Professor in the Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation, where she teaches conservation science and analytical methodologies to graduate... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Textiles) Nizhónígo Hadadít’eh: Mounting Diné Textiles For Exhibition
Diné (Navajo) apparel design is constantly evolving, often in response to historical events. After Spanish colonists introduced Churro sheep to what is now the Southwest United States in the late 1500s, Diné developed a Navajo-Churro breed that produced wool ideal for weaving. By the 1800s, Diné women were creating wool blankets, mantas, and other forms of apparel. After the 1868 Treaty of Bosque Redondo subjected Diné to US federal government rule, forced assimilation, and American capitalism, Diné apparel transitioned from woven wool textiles to sewn commercial fabrics. As non-Natives began collecting Diné textiles, Diné weavers also created designs for hanging on walls. The patterns woven by Diné women in the 1800s reflect Diné aesthetics and beliefs.

This case study looks at the exhibition “Diné Textiles: Nizhónígo Hadadít’eh,” on view at the RISD Museum from September 2, 2023 - September 29, 2024. The featured blankets and mantas have been displayed flat in previous exhibitions, a method of mounting that distances the garments from their intended use. Seeing these blankets on mannequins communicates the humanity of their original wearers and draws attention to the skill and precision of the weaver. Custom display forms were created or adapted for this show to facilitate the safe, three-dimensional display of blankets. This process was a collaboration between curator and conservators, involving archival research and insight from scholars, weavers, and stakeholders.

Pre-exhibition XRF analysis also provided insight into dyes, which may help assign dates to Diné textiles, and pesticides, which may be found on blankets in many Museum collections. This presentation will discuss the concerns inherent in mounting heavy, woven textiles and the steps taken to prevent damage and mitigate risks. Seeing the garments embodied radically changes the viewer’s experience, and the symmetry of the mounted blankets communicates a core concept of Diné culture, hózhó (pronounced HOZH-oh), that encompasses balance, beauty, and harmony.

Despite hardship, Diné resilience drives creativity forward. These remarkable weavings were and continue to be sources of design inspiration and objects of cultural appropriation. Nizhónígo Hadadít’eh means “they are beautifully dressed,” and mounting Diné garments on forms creates a more profound opportunity for appreciation and understanding. We honor and appreciate the generations of Diné weavers who, through hózhó, have designed beautiful garments for beautiful people.

Authors
avatar for Sháńdíín Brown

Sháńdíín Brown

Assistant Curator of Native American Art, RISD Museum
Sháńdíín Brown is a curator, creative, and citizen of the Navajo Nation from Arizona. She is the first Henry Luce Curatorial Fellow for Native American Art at Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) Museum. She co-curated Being and Believing in the Natural World: Perspectives from... Read More →
avatar for Anna Rose Keefe

Anna Rose Keefe

Assistant Textile Conservator, RISD Museum
Anna Rose Keefe is passionate about textiles, design, and collaborative conservation work. As an assistant textile conservator at the RISD Museum, she focuses on facilitating access to storage, working with students, and caring for the collection. Anna Rose curated the exhibitions... Read More →
avatar for Jessica Urick

Jessica Urick

Associate Conservator, RISD Museum
Jessica Urick is a textile conservator for the RISD Museum, where she oversees the conservation, care, and handling of over 35,000 costume and textile objects. She holds an MS in Textiles with a concentration in Conservation from the University of Rhode Island and a BA in Art Conservation... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Anna Rose Keefe

Anna Rose Keefe

Assistant Textile Conservator, RISD Museum
Anna Rose Keefe is passionate about textiles, design, and collaborative conservation work. As an assistant textile conservator at the RISD Museum, she focuses on facilitating access to storage, working with students, and caring for the collection. Anna Rose curated the exhibitions... Read More →
avatar for Jessica Urick

Jessica Urick

Associate Conservator, RISD Museum
Jessica Urick is a textile conservator for the RISD Museum, where she oversees the conservation, care, and handling of over 35,000 costume and textile objects. She holds an MS in Textiles with a concentration in Conservation from the University of Rhode Island and a BA in Art Conservation... Read More →
avatar for Sháńdíín Brown

Sháńdíín Brown

Assistant Curator of Native American Art, RISD Museum
Sháńdíín Brown is a curator, creative, and citizen of the Navajo Nation from Arizona. She is the first Henry Luce Curatorial Fellow for Native American Art at Rhode Island School of Design (RISD) Museum. She co-curated Being and Believing in the Natural World: Perspectives from... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

2:00pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts) Unwrapped: Four Hundred Years of European Picture Frame History Finally Revealed at The Ago
In the mid 1990’s, the Art Gallery of Ontario (AGO) in Toronto, Canada, accepted a large donation of historic European picture frames from an anonymous collector. Over 1,500 frames, dating from the 16th to the early 20th century, arrived at the gallery in two batches, in 1994 and 1997. While some frames were unwrapped, catalogued and even briefly displayed in a special exhibition (Framing History: European Frames 15th - 19th century, 1995), the vast majority remained stored, concealed in their original shipping material until now.

The AGO’s conservation and curatorial departments had tried, with mixed success, to deal with the collection since its acquisition. In 2022, the AGO Frame Project was launched as an institutional initiative to develop a program to care for and use the frames in accordance with current standards of museum practice. The AGO hired Senior Frame Conservator Hubert Baija, recently retired from the Rijksmuseum, on a one year contract, as well as a frame conservation fellow, two dedicated art handlers, and a dedicated photographer. They worked with the AGO Senior Framer, curators, and registrars to finally unwrap, examine and document the collection.

Now in its second year, the AGO Frame Project aims to foster a supportive environment in which to understand and care for this vast collection, which represents over four hundred years of European frame history. Education and knowledge sharing has been a crucial part of this initiative, increasing appreciation and respect for the collection not only in the conservation department but also among curators, framers, collections experts, and other departments. A symposium on the history and conservation of frames in May, 2024, hosted at the AGO, will introduce this collection to the frame community and, we hope, open even more opportunities for exchange and collaboration.

Ultimately, the goal of the AGO Frame Project is to make this important collection more accessible for study and for lending. As custodians of this collection, the AGO is committed to the idea that pairing historic frames with appropriate artworks is an important aspect of their conservation, as it preserves their function. It is our hope that a digital database will lead to pairings of these frames with works of art at other galleries and museums as well as our own.

This paper describes the AGO Frame Project’s collaborative process, the surprises and opportunities we have encountered along the way, and what was revealed when we finally unwrapped the frames.

Authors
avatar for Julia Campbell-Such

Julia Campbell-Such

Frame Conservation Fellow, Art Gallery of Ontario
Julia is currently the Frame Conservation Fellow at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto, Canada. She holds a Master of Art Conservation degree from Queen’s University (2018), specializing in Objects, and has completed post-graduate fellowships at the Smithsonian National Museum... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Julia Campbell-Such

Julia Campbell-Such

Frame Conservation Fellow, Art Gallery of Ontario
Julia is currently the Frame Conservation Fellow at the Art Gallery of Ontario in Toronto, Canada. She holds a Master of Art Conservation degree from Queen’s University (2018), specializing in Objects, and has completed post-graduate fellowships at the Smithsonian National Museum... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:00pm - 2:30pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Archaeological Heritage, Preventive Care) Rediscovering Princess Carolina: Preventive Conservation as a Catalyst for Reengaging with an Archaeological Collection
Princess Carolina was a South Carolina built, transatlantic trading vessel, launched in 1718. The ship was damaged in a storm in 1729, which resulted in its use as fill material for land expansion efforts in lower Manhattan, New York in the mid-eighteenth century. The remains of the ship were discovered under 175 Water Street in 1982 and were partially excavated. Recovered materials include nearly 400 timbers from the ship’s bow structure along with 14,000 artifacts found within the hull used as landfill of both organic and inorganic materials. All artifacts were sent to Groton, Massachusetts for conservation while a permanent home was identified. In 1985, the collection was donated to The Mariners’ Museum and Park in Newport News, Virginia for use in a proposed gallery expansion with conservation efforts continuing for an additional three years. Exhibition of the bow and associated materials never came to fruition, and like many archaeological collections, the assemblage disappeared into storage.

In 2018, conservation personnel began a major project to address the preventive conservation needs of the ship’s timbers which had been housed in non-climate-controlled storage for over 33 years. Following a condition assessment of the timbers, interest in the archaeological materials began to grow as staff across the institution started learning the story of the merchant ship, its artifacts, and why they were so significant. This renewed awareness set the stage for the development of a major rehousing initiative as well as scientific research focused on the effects of sulfur on formerly waterlogged wood, and revealed the incredible variety of objects contained within the fill collection.

However, reviving a project of this scale would take time, financial resources, and required gaining buy-in from Museum leadership, external and internal supporters, and donors. As a result, the rehousing of Princes Carolina’s timbers to appropriate storage was not completed until the summer of 2023. The task necessitated the use of lifting and rigging equipment, multiple personnel, a large mobile freezer, a triage-like artifact documentation and cleaning area, and the reorganization of space within the museum to properly house and provide access to the collection.

This paper will discuss the challenges of reengaging with a dormant archaeological collection and highlight that preventive conservation can be a mechanism to do so using the rehousing of Princess Carolina’s bow timbers as a case study. In addition, the paper will describe the building of project momentum (including fundraising through grants and donors) as well as the development of a multi-year stage-based and flexible conservation work plan.

Authors
avatar for William Hoffman

William Hoffman

Director of Conservation and Chief Conservator, The Mariners Museum and Park
William Hoffman received bachelor’s degrees in Anthropology and Fine Arts at Buffalo State University in 2005. In 2009, he received his Master's degree in Art Conservation from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, specializing in the conservation of objects. He has worked at... Read More →
avatar for Elsa Sangouard

Elsa Sangouard

Senior Conservator, USS Monitor, The Mariners Museum and Park
Elsa Sangouard is an archaeological object conservator at The Mariners’ Museum and Park and was previously employed at the Swiss National Museum. She received a conservation degree from the Heaa-Arc in Neuchâtel, Switzerland and a master's in Archaeology from the University of... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for William Hoffman

William Hoffman

Director of Conservation and Chief Conservator, The Mariners Museum and Park
William Hoffman received bachelor’s degrees in Anthropology and Fine Arts at Buffalo State University in 2005. In 2009, he received his Master's degree in Art Conservation from Queen's University in Kingston, Ontario, specializing in the conservation of objects. He has worked at... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Architecture) Cultural Heritage Relocation and Reinterpretation of Collections: The Professional's Dilemma
The disciplines of cultural resource preservation and conservation now have additional complexities due to the rise of political and social movements that highlight injustice and bias. Cultural resources are being moved, taken out of public view, reinterpreted and in some cases, destroyed. Ownership legitimacy of cultural resources is being questioned, many times from indigenous peoples, and in some cases change in title of property is being sought. Management of cultural sites may not be commensurate with the importance of the site to the underserved community of which it is representative. Further, some institutions are seeking to monetize artwork or other cultural resources to pay for the survival of the organization. Clients may be cultural institutions, municipal arts commissions, state historic preservation offices or profit-making entities that are responding to external pressures as well as tensions from within.





Professionals are being asked to participate in the moving, concealing or reinterpreting of artwork that may not reflect the artist’s intent. Also, architects, engineers and conservators may be asked to consult, design, or execute treatments for the stewardship of cultural resources that put them legally at risk. Compounding this hazard is that, in many cases, decisions are being made within a short horizon due to political pressures. In some cases, the professional may find that a client’s wishes put them at odds with industry standards such as the AIC Code of Ethics or The Secretary of Interior’s Standards.



How should professionals proceed when engaged in these situations? Distancing themselves from the controversy is not a solution and may lead to improper treatments of loss of the resource.



This presentation will review several examples of moving, reinterpretation and transfer of ownership of cultural resources and the role of the preservation professional in the process. In one case legal action was taken against the consultant resulting in a multi-year lawsuit. The presentation will conclude with reflections on how the professional may maneuver through the repurposing of artwork or cultural resources and offer some practical suggestions.



Learning Objectives:



* Awareness of challenges for stewards of cultural resources that are the focus of political movements.
* Legal implications for the professional in dealing with repurposed artwork and historic sites.
* Methods of minimizing risk for the professional.
* Technical considerations in moving artwork.
* Considerations in the transfer of title of cultural resources




Keywords:

Relocation

Repurposing

Risk

Ownership

Authors
avatar for David Wessel

David Wessel

Principal, Senior Conservator, ARG Conservation Services
David Wessel has over 30 years of experience in the conservation and preservation of landmarks and cultural resources throughout the western United States. As a principal of Architectural Resources Group and CEO of ARG Conservation Services a design/build conservation construction... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for David Wessel

David Wessel

Principal, Senior Conservator, ARG Conservation Services
David Wessel has over 30 years of experience in the conservation and preservation of landmarks and cultural resources throughout the western United States. As a principal of Architectural Resources Group and CEO of ARG Conservation Services a design/build conservation construction... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Book & Paper) Making a Chinese Woodblock Print Easy on the Eye: Merging Chinese Aesthetics with Western Conservation Methods
Inpainting is a common technique used to compensate areas of loss in pictorial art. Over the years, methods of loss compensation have developed to include reversibility, greater respect for the remaining original elements, and allowing for distinction between original and inpainted passages.

Traditionally, for Eastern Asian paintings, "master mounters" carried out the entire conservation process. Throughout the centuries, they played the role of what we now call a "conservator." The process requires wet cleaning, removing old mountings, patching and infilling losses, inpainting, and remounting. Chinese master mounters have always considered inpainting the most critical process. Even today, concealing losses with perfect inpainting is their ultimate goal.

In Chinese paintings conservation, there are separate terms, one for connecting color and another for connecting lines; an approach that seeks to match the surviving areas as perfectly as possible. Consequently, imitative inpainting has always been considered to be the standard.

However, this practice of flawless, memetic inpainting presents two ethical issues: 1) when discoloration or inappropriate repairs occur, a full remounting is required to reverse the inpainting; and 2) it can be difficult even for conservators to distinguish between inpainted and original passages. Because remounting introduces water, often risking loss to original paint, it can be considered overly aggressive and incompatible with modern theories of conservation.

This paper will focus on a case study of remounting a rare 18th-century Chinese woodblock print and how to inpaint the areas of loss that can simultaneously follow the Chinese traditions and satisfy contemporary conservation ethics. The woodblock print depicts a scenic view of Yueyang Tower with the Eight Immortals gathering around Dongting Lake, having a majority of loss in the clouds and one of the central figures. The printed lines in the sky were relocated incorrectly; half of the figure's robe and body were missing and poorly inpainted. Adjusting the images and re-inpainting the losses were essential for this project. Losses in the figure required reinterpretation of the figure's robe and the body gesture. Several inpainting proposals were carefully considered with curator and colleagues in the Cleveland Museum of Art's conservation department.

Once the reconstruction of the figure's robe was decided, an inpainting method was designed to satisfy both the Chinese tradition and current conservation standards of reversibility. Rather than inpainting directly on the original paper surface or underlying mounting paper as typically done by Chinese masters, paper inserts were affixed within the losses and inpainted to connect and imitate printed lines and tones, making this approach fully reversible without remounting the entire artwork.

Furthermore, pigments used in the inpainting process were also selected to be detectible under ultraviolet induced visible fluorescence. This compensation approach is presented as a creative and practical option to the field of Chinese Paintings Conservation, bridging Chinese aesthetics with more current conservation standards.

Authors
avatar for Ping-Chung Tseng

Ping-Chung Tseng

Chinese Painting Conservation Fellow, The Cleveland Museum of Art
Ping-Chung Tseng is the June and Simon K.C. Li Chinese Painting Conservation Fellow at the Li Center joined the Cleveland Museum of Art in 2022. He holds an MA in East Asian Painting Conservation from the Tainan National University of the Arts and a postgraduate diploma in Arts of... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Ping-Chung Tseng

Ping-Chung Tseng

Chinese Painting Conservation Fellow, The Cleveland Museum of Art
Ping-Chung Tseng is the June and Simon K.C. Li Chinese Painting Conservation Fellow at the Li Center joined the Cleveland Museum of Art in 2022. He holds an MA in East Asian Painting Conservation from the Tainan National University of the Arts and a postgraduate diploma in Arts of... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) Private Practice, Public Impact: A Collaboration in Preserving Michael Richards' Legacy
A.M. Art Conservation, established in 2009, has had the privilege of working with a diverse clientele, including private collectors, artist estates, museums, and galleries. While we offer our expertise for individual projects, our most gratifying experiences stem from cultivating enduring relationships with our clients and making a lasting impact on the preservation of their collections. In this paper, we aim to spotlight one particularly significant collaboration: a seven-year ongoing endeavor focused on the research, exhibition, and guardianship of the artistic legacy of Michael Richards (1963-2001). This collaborative initiative brought together A.M. Art Conservation, curators Melissa Levin and Alex Fialho, alongside other art professionals, and the estate of the artist.

Michael Richards, an artist of Jamaican and Costa Rican heritage, left a mark on the art world with his nationally and internationally exhibited works. His portfolio encompassed multi-part indoor and outdoor sculptures, time-based media, installations, and drawings. He garnered recognition in museum collections, earned prestigious awards, and participated in numerous residency programs. Tragically, his life was cut short on September 11, 2001, after working overnight in his World Trade Center studio.

In 2016, during the curation of a survey exhibition marking 15 years since Richards’ passing, Levin and Fialho contacted Dawn Dale, Richards' cousin, who had become the custodian of his work. Despite Richards' meticulous packing and Dale’s dedication to his legacy, the artwork had endured the ravages of a storage facility fire, multiple relocations, and suboptimal conditions. The resurfacing of numerous prescient and impactful sculptural artworks, along with fragments, molds, studies, drawings, photos, slides, and ephemera from his life, led to a sustained commitment to and advocacy for Richards’ art and legacy.

A.M. Art Conservation's involvement tracked a conventional path of stabilizing and preparing the works for display, carefully managing both time and budget constraints. We approached the holistic body of work in a triage format, prioritizing actions to benefit the most vulnerable pieces within the allocated time frame. Over time, fresh insights into the work emerged through archival photos, discussions, and recollections from Richards' friends and colleagues.

As the collaboration progressed, additional artworks surfaced, and with the curators preparing for a traveling retrospective, we assumed a leadership role in establishing comprehensive museum practices and engaged fellow professionals to address the collection's requirements. Working with the curators we proposed treatments and budgets, and they ultimately secured a generous grant from the Mellon Foundation. The funding facilitated continued treatment, improved storage conditions, enhanced packing and transportation protocols, and the design of a collection management database. This paper will discuss the challenges and successes of managing an ongoing collaboration in a private practice context.

Since 2016, Michael Richards' work has been exhibited at five national venues including The Bronx Museum of the Arts and the Museum of Contemporary Art North Miami. Through our collaborative efforts, we have reduced the collection's risk and empowered the estate to better preserve the work while increasing the artwork's exposure to wider audiences.

Authors
AF

Alex Fialho

Exhibition Curator, MichaelRichards: Are You Down?
Alex Fialho is an art historian, curator and PhD candidate in Yale University’s Combined PhD program in the History of Art and African American Studies. For the 2023–2024 academic year, Fialho will be a Helena Rubinstein Critical Studies Fellow in the Whitney Museum Independent... Read More →
avatar for Anne L. King

Anne L. King

Conservator, A.M. Art Conservation, LLC
Anne Léculier King is a Professional Associate member of the American Institute for Conservation (AIC) with 27 years of museum and conservation experience. Anne obtained her degree in the Conservation of Cultural Materials from Canberra University, Australia in 1993 where she specialized... Read More →
avatar for Melissa Levin

Melissa Levin

Exhibition Curator, MichaelRichards: Are You Down?
Melissa Levin is a values-driven arts administrator and artist-centered curator. Levin recently joined the Jerome Foundation as their first New York City-based Program Officer, supporting early career artists in MN & NYC. Previously, she worked at Lower Manhattan Cultural Council... Read More →
avatar for Eugenie Milroy

Eugenie Milroy

Conservator, A.M. Art Conservation, LLC
Eugenie Milroy is a Professional Associate of the American Institute for Conservation (AIC) with many years of museum and conservation experience. She is a Principal at A.M. Art Conservation, LLC the private practice she co-founded in 2009. Based in New York, the company helps institutions... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Anne L. King

Anne L. King

Conservator, A.M. Art Conservation, LLC
Anne Léculier King is a Professional Associate member of the American Institute for Conservation (AIC) with 27 years of museum and conservation experience. Anne obtained her degree in the Conservation of Cultural Materials from Canberra University, Australia in 1993 where she specialized... Read More →
avatar for Eugenie Milroy

Eugenie Milroy

Conservator, A.M. Art Conservation, LLC
Eugenie Milroy is a Professional Associate of the American Institute for Conservation (AIC) with many years of museum and conservation experience. She is a Principal at A.M. Art Conservation, LLC the private practice she co-founded in 2009. Based in New York, the company helps institutions... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Objects) The Lion, the Saint, and the Red Robe: Technical Study and Treatment of a 17th-Century Wax Diorama by Caterina de Julianis
A 17th-century diorama with wax figures titled St. Jerome in the Desert provided a unique opportunity for technical study and conservation treatment at the Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies at the Harvard Art Museums. A skillfully executed example of a rarely encountered art form from this period, the diorama captures many facets of religious life in 17th-century Italy as a devotional object with overtones of memento mori. As is the case for many wax objects dating from this period, the diorama blurs the lines between religious object, work of fine art, and anatomical model. The artist, Caterina de Julianis, was a Neapolitan nun whose legacy has been overshadowed by that of her male teacher in art historical scholarship; few firmly attributed examples of her work exist in public collections. The goal of the project was therefore to add to the body of knowledge about this artist’s working methods and materials and to shine a light on a lesser-known female artist, as well as to prepare the object for eventual display. The diorama is composed of a wooden frame built around an interior box enclosed behind glass, which contains pigmented beeswax figures and scenery, glass, an oil painting on copper, and plant fiber elements. Careful consideration was made in the decision to open the enclosed diorama to accurately assess its condition and facilitate instrumental analysis. This investigation characterized the artist’s materials and techniques but also revealed the presence of old and unstable restoration materials, many of which were obscuring original surfaces. The specific locations of these materials indicated that the previous restoration campaign involved a near-complete disassembly and reassembly. Treatment involved surface cleaning, partial disassembly, removal of old restoration materials, consolidation, and aesthetic compensation. Although the treatment necessitated a degree of compromise due to changes made during the previous restoration campaign, it ultimately resulted in stabilization and improved legibility of the composition.

Authors
avatar for Angela Chang

Angela Chang

Assistant Director, Senior Conservator of Objects and Sculpture, and Head of Objects Lab, Harvard Art Museums, Straus Center for Conservation
Angela Chang is the Assistant Director of the Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies, Conservator of Objects and Sculpture, and Head of the Objects Lab at the Harvard Art Museums in Cambridge, Massachusetts. She earned her M.S. from the Winterthur/University of Delaware... Read More →
KE

Katherine Eremin

Patricia Cornwell Sneior Conservation Scientist, Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies
Katherine Eremin is the Patricia Cornwell Senior Conservation Scientist at the Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies at the Harvard Art Museums. Katherine studied Natural Sciences at the University of Cambridge and received a PhD in metamorphic petrology from the University... Read More →
avatar for Adrienne Gendron

Adrienne Gendron

Objects Conservation Fellow, Harvard Art Museums
Adrienne Gendron (she/her) is an objects conservator with interests in organic materials as well as ethics, decision-making, and health and safety. She is currently the Objects Conservation Fellow at the Straus Center for Technical Studies at the Harvard Art Museums. Adrienne holds... Read More →
avatar for Georgina Rayner

Georgina Rayner

Conservation Scientist, Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies
Georgina Rayner is the Associate Conservation Scientist at the Straus Center for Conservation and Technical Studies, Harvard Art Museums. Prior to this role Georgina was the Andrew W. Mellon Postdoctoral Fellow in Conservation Science at the same institution. Georgina holds a Masters... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Adrienne Gendron

Adrienne Gendron

Objects Conservation Fellow, Harvard Art Museums
Adrienne Gendron (she/her) is an objects conservator with interests in organic materials as well as ethics, decision-making, and health and safety. She is currently the Objects Conservation Fellow at the Straus Center for Technical Studies at the Harvard Art Museums. Adrienne holds... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Paintings) Discovering Dalí
In preparation for the 2023 exhibition Salvador Dalí: The Image Disappears, paintings conservators, scientists, and curatorial colleagues at the Art Institute of Chicago took a deep dive into the museum's holdings of oil paintings by Salvador Dalí (11 May 1904 – 23 January 1989). The team carried out examinations, scientific analysis, and archival research to understand how Dalí created pictures in the early 1930s. While most of the museum’s works from this period are small in scale and populated with figures, animals, and objects painted with tightly detailed brushwork, one painting stood out with its uncharacteristic loose brushwork, rubbed surface appearance, and relatively empty composition. Known for many years as Visions of Eternity, this unusually large Dali painting has been a true cornerstone of the Art Institute’s collection of modern and contemporary art since its acquisition in the late 1980s. However, gaps in the provenance and decisive differences in the materials and handling, distinguished this work from the others, raising questions about the origin of the painting. In tandem with the ongoing research, the painting was treated to remove a discolored coating and layers of overpaint. The conservation treatment proved instrumental to the understanding of the painting, revealing condition issues that served as clues to its history, and fueled the collaborative research that ultimately resulted in a new title, a new creation date, and a new origin story. This paper describes the results of the technical examinations of the Art Institute’s Dali paintings, and elaborates on the series of unexpected conservation and curatorial discoveries that revealed Visions of Eternity to be a long-forgotten portion of a famous mural from Dalí’s 1939 New York World’s Fair surrealist pavilion,Dream of Venus.

Authors
avatar for Allison Langley

Allison Langley

Paintings Conservator, The Art Institute of Chicago
Allison Langley is Director of Paintings and Frames Conservation at the Art Institute of Chicago. Since joining the Art Institute in 2002, her treatments and research have focused largely on 20th Century paintings. She has published and presented on the artworks of Picasso, Braque... Read More →
avatar for Katrina Rush

Katrina Rush

Paintings Consevator, The Art Institute of Chicago
Katrina Rush is a paintings conservator at the Art Institute of Chicago. She joined the Art Institute in 2019 and specializes in the treatment and research of modern and contemporary art. Katrina holds degrees in chemistry and studio art from Emmanuel College, Boston, as well as an... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Allison Langley

Allison Langley

Paintings Conservator, The Art Institute of Chicago
Allison Langley is Director of Paintings and Frames Conservation at the Art Institute of Chicago. Since joining the Art Institute in 2002, her treatments and research have focused largely on 20th Century paintings. She has published and presented on the artworks of Picasso, Braque... Read More →
avatar for Katrina Rush

Katrina Rush

Paintings Consevator, The Art Institute of Chicago
Katrina Rush is a paintings conservator at the Art Institute of Chicago. She joined the Art Institute in 2019 and specializes in the treatment and research of modern and contemporary art. Katrina holds degrees in chemistry and studio art from Emmanuel College, Boston, as well as an... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 255 BC (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) Exposing A Photographer's Vision: The Hirshhorn Hologram and Its Many Challenges
CW (content warning): This presentation will cover material that depicts racism and racist organizations both visually and in text.

This presentation covers the investigation of the only hologram in the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden’s collection, an untitled, 1983 work by William Christenberry. The hologram–and holography itself–was identified as an understudied area in the field of conservation during a 2016 collections survey. The research presented in this talk provides an introduction to holographic history, identification, approaches to display, and materials analysis.

To display a hologram is to nearly determine the exposure of the image. In other words, to illuminate a hologram is to re-expose the artist’s vision. This is a tremendous responsibility arguably unforeseen in the field of photograph conservation. Given that the Hirshhorn’s object portrays potentially triggering subject matter, it is all the more important that the artist’s complexity of concept is not lost due to a disservice in display. The image forming material of a hologram is a void of transparent emulsion, appearing clear, until it is enigmatically recreated or “reconstructed” by light. The brightness, depth, sharpness, color, and even presence of subject matter depend on the display light type, angle of light-incidence and viewing angle. Ultimately, the fundamental mood of the artwork is controlled by the exhibition parameters.

It is important to understand that holograms are a youthful scientific discovery that only took shape in the 1960s and 1970s. Therefore, the diverse visual characteristics and numerous mechanisms of deterioration have not been thoroughly researched in the field of art conservation. To understand the Hirshhorn object’s place within the complex family-tree of holographic processes, a resource list that draws from the disparate realms of physical science, commercial mass-production, and hobbyist internet forums was compiled. This deep dive into material data informed the creation of a simplified visual aid for process identification and helped in confirming the Hirshhorn’s object as a white-light illuminated reflection type hologram composed of silver gelatin emulsion on a glass support adhered to a black mount.

To understand how the different qualities of light sources produced different holographic display phenomena, spectral measurements of several common light sources were captured. Variations on light intensity, location, and color were documented in display trials. These trials could be particularly useful for museums venturing to display their white-light illuminated holograms.

The analysis included X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) of the glass supports and the use of Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm the adhesive that binds the supports. Many conservators may find, as in this case, that the image material is “sandwiched” or inaccessible for examination, therefore, the confidence in composition is all the more dependent on strong material data research. The concern over glass alteration exacerbated by the use of Tyvek in a poorly constructed housing is also discussed.

Above all, this talk is a call to action for meticulous documentation and continued research into the unmined vein of holographic materials. As contemporary artists are taking a renewed interest in holography, conservators must work diligently with living artists to document the desired re-exposure of their work and consider the implications and complexities of exhibiting extant holograms in their collections.

Authors
avatar for Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham

Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham

Photograph Conservator, Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian
Shannon A. Brogdon-Grantham is the photograph and paper conservator at the Smithsonian’s Museum Conservation Institute (MCI). She obtained her MS from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation where she specialized in photograph conservation with minor concentrations... Read More →
avatar for Tess M. Cramer

Tess M. Cramer

Intern and Conservation Technician, Barry Ruderman Antique Maps
Tess Cramer is an artist who was born and raised on O’ahu Island. She holds a bachelors degree in Art Studio (painting and alternative process photography) along with minors in both Art History and Chemistry. After college, she completed several pre-program internships at the Hirshhorn... Read More →
avatar for Taylor Healy

Taylor Healy

Assistant Conservator, Art Institute of Chicago
Taylor Healy is the Assistant Conservator of Media at the Art Institute of Chicago. She was previously a post-graduate fellow at the Smithsonian researching neon artworks and historical objects and developing documentation and preservation strategies for the collections of the Hirshhorn... Read More →
avatar for Gwenaelle Kavich

Gwenaelle Kavich

Conservation Scientist, Museum Conservation Institutne, Smithsonian
Gwénaëlle Kavich, Conservation Scientist at the Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute, earned a BSc in Chemistry from The Nottingham Trent University (U.K.) and a PhD in Chemical Sciences from the University of Pisa (Italy). She contributes to a wide range of technical studies... Read More →
avatar for Thomas Lam

Thomas Lam

Physical Scientist, Museum Conservation Institute, Smithsonian
Thomas Lam has a Ph.D. in Ceramics from Alfred University. After his PhD, Thomas completed a postdoc at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). Thomas is a Physical Scientist at the Smithsonian Museum Conservation Institute (MCI), where he applies his knowledge... Read More →
avatar for Stephanie Lussier

Stephanie Lussier

Paper and Photographs Conservator, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian
Stephanie Lussier is the Paper and Photographs Conservator at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden where she is responsible for analysis, treatment, and long-term preservation of the Museum’s collections. As education coordinator for the department, Stephanie guides research... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Stephanie Lussier

Stephanie Lussier

Paper and Photographs Conservator, Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian
Stephanie Lussier is the Paper and Photographs Conservator at the Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden where she is responsible for analysis, treatment, and long-term preservation of the Museum’s collections. As education coordinator for the department, Stephanie guides research... Read More →
avatar for Tess M. Cramer

Tess M. Cramer

Intern and Conservation Technician, Barry Ruderman Antique Maps
Tess Cramer is an artist who was born and raised on O’ahu Island. She holds a bachelors degree in Art Studio (painting and alternative process photography) along with minors in both Art History and Chemistry. After college, she completed several pre-program internships at the Hirshhorn... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) Safer Solvent Selection for the Removal and Application of Synthetic Resins
Cultural heritage conservation commonly uses solvents for the application and removal of polymeric resins in object disciplines from wall paintings and stone to easel paintings, ceramics and glass, ethnographic objects, and others. Polymeric resins carried in solvent are applied in a variety of object treatment schema. The most common of which are: 1) consolidants, fixatives; 2) coatings, lacquers or varnishes; 3) adhesives; 4) binding media of paints and fillers used for restoration, and 5.) barrier layers on porous surfaces.

Conservators prefer solvents that minimally impact health and the environment, typically those with low/no odor. Thus, identification and selection of safer solvents with the required solvation and final film properties for resins of interest are of great importance to the field. This work is developing a repository of solvents that both meet specific GHS-defined safety criteria and readily solvate the specific resins of interest. Two bespoke computer assisted systems from Dow were used in the solvent identification and selection process: CHEMCOMP™ Service and a custom CAS Sci-FinderN portal. (CHEMCOMP Service is a series of computerized solvent modeling programs: Evaporation Rate Program, Solvent Blend Program, VOC Program, Flash Point Estimator, and Hansen Solubility Parameter Sphere Estimator.) This CHEMCOMP™ Service is built upon an internally developed database of solvents and polymeric resins supplemented with a few additional materials commonly used in cultural heritage conservation. The CHEMCOMP™ solvent database was analyzed using the CAS Sci-FinderN tool that identified those solvents that met physical, health and environmental GHS Hazard Phrase requirements outlined by the team. The Hansen Solubility Parameter Sphere Estimator functionality within CHEMCOMP Service then provided computational predictions for which safer solvents solvate the resins included in this pilot study. The solubility predictions of interest have and continue to be validated at the bench and in silico. Physical and mechanical properties of the resulting polymeric resin films cast from a sub-set of the safer solvents & solvent blends will be reviewed to provide an initial assessment of the functional performance of the polymers in use. The full solubility data will be disseminated once thoroughly developed and vetted by those appropriately skilled and qualified in art conservation practices.

Authors
avatar for Gwendoline Fife

Gwendoline Fife

Senior researcher, Rijksmuseum & SiC/Ki Culture
Gwendoline R. Fife is an art conservation consultant, Director of Sustainability in Conservation’s Greener Solvent Project, and working for the Rijksmuseum and Ki Culture in GoGreen (funded by Horizon Europe 2022-2026). After her chemistry degree from York University, she trained... Read More →
avatar for Rosie Grayburn

Rosie Grayburn

Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis Lab, Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation
Rosie Grayburn is the Head of the Scientific Research and Analysis lab at Winterthur Museum, Garden and Library and Affiliated Associate Professor in the Winterthur/University of Delaware in Art Conservation, where she teaches conservation science and analytical methodologies to graduate... Read More →
BK

Bethany Karl

Chemical Lab Technologist, Dow
avatar for Melinda H. Keefe

Melinda H. Keefe

Senior R&D Manager, Dow
Melinda Keefe is a R&D Director at Dow leading a global team of scientists and engineers focused in product development and laboratory automation. She has a technical focus in coatings science. As a side effort, she leads an on-going collaboration between Dow and the art conservation... Read More →
AP

Alan Phenix

Paintings Conservator; Scientist, Getty Conservation Institute (retired)
Alan Phenix, now retired, was a paintings conservator, university educator and conservation scientist.
VP

Vikram Prasad

Research Scientist, Dow
RW

Robert Wright

Senior Research Scientist, Dow

Speakers
avatar for Melinda H. Keefe

Melinda H. Keefe

Senior R&D Manager, Dow
Melinda Keefe is a R&D Director at Dow leading a global team of scientists and engineers focused in product development and laboratory automation. She has a technical focus in coatings science. As a side effort, she leads an on-going collaboration between Dow and the art conservation... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Textiles) Preserving a Confederate Spy Balloon: Adhesive Treatment of Coated Silk
Stabilizing a rare, coated silk fragment from a Confederate spy balloon called the Gazelle presented intricate and unexpected conservation hurdles.  The Gazelle was deployed by the Confederate Army during the American Civil War (1861-1865) to spy on Union battle positions.  Damaged and captured during a conflict in 1862, it was transformed into a souvenir by a Union balloonist, and a fragment was eventually donated to the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum (NASM). NASM’s Gazelle fabric represents the largest intact example among the scarce remaining fragments of this air balloon.
The case study of the Gazelle fabric explores the complexities of treating a coated and shattered silk textile. The Gazelle fabric is constructed from ladies' dress silk that was coated with a polymeric material on both sides to achieve flightworthy characteristics. However, conflicting accounts of the historic coating’s composition raised questions about possible post-capture alterations. When the fabric was donated to NASM, it was mounted on a painted plywood panel using nickel-sized spots of hide glue around the perimeter. The fabric exhibited creases, folds, and losses in the silk. Additionally, the uniformly applied coating stiffened the silk, making it more susceptible to breaking, especially given its age and fragility. This coating’s incompatibility with traditional stitching methods prompted the adaptation of lining techniques from other conservation specialties.
While conventional practice involves stabilizing delicate silk with a complete adhesive lining, the presence of the coating raised questions about the appropriateness of this method. Concerns regarding the coating's potential interference with adhesive bonding, coupled with limited access to the fabric's reverse side, posed challenges in providing adequate support without obscuring the striped and floral patterns.
Analysis of the coating was carried out to compare its composition with historical manufacturing records and to inform the curatorial record. Characterization included microscopy, weave count, solubility, temperature response, ATR-FTIR, and Py-GC-MS. Various treatment methods were considered and tested, including experimentation with enzymes to remove hide glue, backing removal, adhesive testing, and full adhesive lining. Challenges encountered with the original support removal, solvent and heat sensitivity of the coating are discussed along with their solutions. A comprehensive understanding of the balloon’s history, condition, materials, and the proposed storage and display environment informed the final treatment methodology.

Authors
avatar for Kayla Silvia

Kayla Silvia

Engen Conservation Fellow, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
Kayla Silvia has a BA in Anthropology, a BS in Art with a concentration in Art History, and minors in Chemistry and Apparel & Textiles from the State University of New York at Oneonta. She received her MPhil in Textile Conservation at the Centre for Textile Conservation from the University... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Kayla Silvia

Kayla Silvia

Engen Conservation Fellow, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
Kayla Silvia has a BA in Anthropology, a BS in Art with a concentration in Art History, and minors in Chemistry and Apparel & Textiles from the State University of New York at Oneonta. She received her MPhil in Textile Conservation at the Centre for Textile Conservation from the University... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

2:30pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts) Everything’s Shrine: Removing Difficult Coatings on a Carved Jain House Shrine and Advocating for Realistic Treatment Timelines
Domestic Jain house shrines, ghar derāsars, exist in a handful of collections around the world, and only a few retain their polychrome and gilded surfaces. The elaborately carved, detailed surfaces are exquisite examples of Gujarati architecture but are largely understudied with few dedicated publications. The Jain shrine in the Cincinnati Art Museum is an important example of a domestic Jain shrine. Acquired in 1962, it’s thought to date to the 17th century and retains its metal overlay and polychrome. An architectural piece, comprised of over forty-four intricately carved parts, it stands over 7ft tall. The shrine had been in storage for a decade and was in poor condition when a donation was made to renovate a gallery to display it. The timeline for construction gave only eight months for the treatment of this unique object.

The project presented several challenging and complex components. The most concerning condition issue was a very thick/blackened coating completely obscuring the delicate gilt and painted details. The three-dimensional surface meant it would be difficult to remove the coating evenly. The large size and multiple disassembled parts made it difficult to devise a cohesive treatment suitable for all parts. The short time frame added further complexity to planning and executing the treatment.

The main treatment priority was to remove the coating to reveal the painted details. Removing the thick coating with solvents alone was ineffective. Solvent gels were tested as a typical method for removing coatings on carved surfaces, however the abrasion caused when removing the gel made this option too risky for the paint and gilt layers. Evolon® CR has been a successful option for applying solvents to flat surfaces to remove varnishes and coatings with minimal abrasion. Although not typically used for high relief surfaces, Evolon® CR was tested as an available non-abrasive option. It proved successful in removing the coating without risking the paint and gilt beneath, however it proved challenging to work with on the carved surfaces. Purpose made weights and unconventional clamps overcame this challenge, demonstrating that Evolon® CR can be used just as effectively on carved surfaces, providing an excellent low abrasion alternative to solvent gels. Though this treatment method was effective, it could not be completed on such a large object within the given timeframe. As rushed treatments often lead to negative outcomes, extending the timeframe was essential to the success of this project. Through early collaboration with curatorial and marketing departments the timeframe was successfully extended. Using social media updates of treatment and creation of an informative treatment video, we were able to balance the interests of the museum, donor, and conservation, while also generating public excitement for the eventual installation.

The presentation of this treatment will demonstrate an effective method for coating removal on decorative wood with carved high relief surfaces using Evolon® CR. It will also discuss the challenges and decision-making process in treating a complex object under a tight deadline, and how to advocate and negotiate for support to allow for effective treatments.

Authors
avatar for Kelly Marie Rectenwald

Kelly Marie Rectenwald

Objects Conservator, Cincinnati Art Museum
Kelly Rectenwald, Associate Objects Conservator, joined the Cincinnati Art Museum in 2014. In her role, she cares for all three-dimensional works of art in the collection. Her treatments cover a wide range of materials from ancient ceramics and structures to decorative wood and lacquer... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Kelly Marie Rectenwald

Kelly Marie Rectenwald

Objects Conservator, Cincinnati Art Museum
Kelly Rectenwald, Associate Objects Conservator, joined the Cincinnati Art Museum in 2014. In her role, she cares for all three-dimensional works of art in the collection. Her treatments cover a wide range of materials from ancient ceramics and structures to decorative wood and lacquer... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 2:30pm - 3:00pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts and Poster Session) A Preliminary Look At Surface Finishes on 19th-Century Tibetan Furniture
This poster aims to take a closer look at the materials and techniques used in the creation of Tibetan furniture. This understudied area of East Asian furniture production has been the focus of only one English-language conservation publication despite pieces being held in many collections throughout the United States. The Los Angeles County Museum of Art’s group of Tibetan furniture forms includes approximately 30 pieces of furniture in large part drawn from the Hayward Family Collection. The Hayward Family seeded significant works throughout other major collecting institutions.

As part of the EU Horizon 2020 GREENART project (https://www.greenart-project.eu/), several pieces of furniture were selected for technical study, with a particular focus on their original paint stratigraphies and later-applied coatings. The poster will share preliminary findings from these pieces with an emphasis on the elaborately painted and gilded surfaces. The primary case study presented will be Altar Table with Dragons and Auspicious Symbols (https://collections.lacma.org/node/214797) which includes several colorants, metallic flakes and leaf, and raised grounds. Samples were collected from this group of objects. Several analytical techniques (e.g. SEM/EDS, FTIR, XRF and Raman) were used to help characterization of the pigments and organic binders.

Many of the objects in the LACMA collection exhibit tacky, darkened coatings which both obscure original surfaces and make storage difficult. It is hoped that this poster can serve as a jumping-off point for conversation around Tibetan furniture with the end goal of promoting greater understanding between both conservators and those with traditional source community knowledge. This study will provide a foundation for the eventual design and implementation of sympathetic, nuanced conservation interventions.

Authors
avatar for Jessica Chasen

Jessica Chasen

Associate Conservator, Objects, Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Jessica Chasen is an associate conservator in the objects conservation lab at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. She earned an M.S. in Art Conservation from Winterthur / University of Delaware with a specialization in Objects and a minor in Painted Surfaces. Her graduate work included... Read More →
avatar for Laura Maccarelli

Laura Maccarelli

Andrew W Mellon Head Scientist, Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA).
Laura Maccarelli graduated with a M.Sc. in Conservation Science from the University of Bologna. Currently, she works as Andrew W Mellon Head Scientist at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA), where her work focuses on the material identification of art objects from the LACMA... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Jessica Chasen

Jessica Chasen

Associate Conservator, Objects, Los Angeles County Museum of Art
Jessica Chasen is an associate conservator in the objects conservation lab at the Los Angeles County Museum of Art. She earned an M.S. in Art Conservation from Winterthur / University of Delaware with a specialization in Objects and a minor in Painted Surfaces. Her graduate work included... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:15pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Archaeological Heritage, Preventive Care) Preventive Conservation of Archaeological Metals At The Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology In Turkey
The JIAA is testing and developing means with which to predict the risk of metal corrosion and ways to both prevent and mitigate corrosion that will lead to practical solutions. The goal is to replace interventive conservation treatments involving costly and toxic materials with non-invasive treatments using green and sustainable products, or simply by controlling the environment on the micro scale when climate control is not available. Our annual minimum and maximum readings in our storerooms range from approximately 32% to 90% RH and 2°C to 40°C. We have developed a protocol that involves testing the voltage, pH, and chloride content of the bronze objects and of their associated soil that provides indications of susceptibility to corrosion. This work was published in the JAIC this year entitled “Integration of Laboratory and Field Measurements on Soil and Bronze Artifacts: Facilitating Conservation Treatment and Management of Archaeological Collections”. We found that the bronzes measuring below a certain pH were most susceptible to corrosion. Burial depth has been found to be an important indicator of the porosity and degree of susceptibility of bronzes to corrosion in storage. Different corrosion processes were identified above and below the dripline in the soil profiles of archaeological sites. Recent tests that monitor oxygen depletion of bronze objects in Escal bags have shown the effectiveness of first drying bronze objects with ethanol and the overall effectiveness of this method for predicting corrosion activity. In some cases, desiccants and oxygen absorbers may not be required for the protection of bronze artifacts. Our recent tests involving microclimates show heat-sealed Escal bags can hold their seal for up to 10 years (and perhaps longer) and that silica gel will remain dry in the bags for this length of time. For these reasons the JIAA is switching from the more costly RP-A oxygen scavengers to color-indicating silica gel (to avoid including rather costly RH strips or dataloggers in the bags). Recent JIAA tests comparing cysteine, AMT, and BTA show cysteine as a much more effective corrosion inhibitor and that this inhibition may be lost through handling or by wetting the object. Corrosion inhibitors may be reserved for those objects destined for display in the museum when climate control is inadequate or non-existent. We have begun testing iron objects to determine if similar means of risk detection and prevention may be applicable. Our student interns have been testing green corrosion inhibitors such as garlic, black pepper, and ginger on copper and mild steel. We have had good results to varying degrees with all green inhibitors tested to date. The corrosion inhibitors were initially tested on new metal test coupons and recently we started testing some of them on archaeological bronzes. Five possible options are presented for the preventive conservation of archaeological bronzes: 1)applying chemical corrosion inhibitors, 2)drying bronze objects in ethanol by immersion before placing them in Escal storage bags, 3)storing bronze objects in Escal with a desiccant such as color-indicating silica gel, 4) storing bronze objects in Escal with an oxygen scavenger such as RP-A, and 5) no protective microclimate or treatments necessary based on the determination of low risk for corrosion.

Authors
IM

Ian MacLeod

Principal Consultant, Heritage Conservation Solutions
avatar for Alice Boccia Paterakis

Alice Boccia Paterakis

Director of Conservation, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology
BA Washington University in St Louis MAC Queens University, Kingston PhD University College London Currently Director of Conservation, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology in Turkey Currently Lecturer in the UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program for the Conservation of Cultural... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Alice Boccia Paterakis

Alice Boccia Paterakis

Director of Conservation, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology
BA Washington University in St Louis MAC Queens University, Kingston PhD University College London Currently Director of Conservation, Japanese Institute of Anatolian Archaeology in Turkey Currently Lecturer in the UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program for the Conservation of Cultural... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Architecture) Taking It Back: Unveiling The Original 1897 Finishes of the Chicago Cultural Center GAR Rooms
The Chicago Cultural Center building was completed in 1897 as the first permanent home of the Chicago Public Library. The designers, Shepley, Rutan & Coolidge, worked in collaboration with the decorative arts studio of Louis Comfort Tiffany to create the elaborately decorated Neo-Classical building, which occupies an entire city block. The north wing of the building includes a series of rooms dedicated to the Grand Army of the Republic (GAR).

The library began outgrowing its space in the mid-1960s, which spurred conversations about demolition. Support for keeping and restoring the building led to its placement on the National Register for Historic Places in 1972 and efforts were made throughout the late 1970s to restore and revitalize the space for its future job as a center for arts and culture. By this time, the colorful decorative finishes were viewed as outdated and many of the original decorative schemes were covered with flat beige paint.

While the original marble-clad walls and much of the antiqued metallic plaster ornament remained in the GAR Rooms, the original paint schemes were a mystery until the 2020-2021 restoration, when paint analysis found the dynamic and colorful schemes that complemented each room’s stone, wood, and metalwork. The plaster finishes utilized pigmented oil glazes over both paint and metallic leaf to create a range of decorative effects such as faux antiqued metal that were meant to reflect the individual character of each space. Analysis confirmed that some of these original finishes were left exposed, but others were hidden under multiple layers of beige paint. The existence of the “buried” original finishes and their lasting integrity launched the campaign to restore over 8,400 square feet of original decorative schemes in the rooms.

An appropriate conservation treatment approach was determined after extensive feasibility testing. This included overpaint removal, consolidation, and restoration techniques. The original concealed finishes were exposed by meticulously removing layers of post-historic paint to reveal the nuanced, hand-painted surfaces of 1897 design. The re-exposed finishes were then conserved, and areas of loss were carefully reintegrated. The result was the original artisan’s work, where present, rather than a recreation.

As a result of the GAR Room restoration, a seminal work in the history of decorative architectural finishes was re-exposed. The GAR Room finishes give unique insight into the aesthetics at the turn of the twentieth century. The palette consists of rich metallic colors such as oxidized reds, greens, yellows, and bronze. Aluminum leaf ornament is layered with many different colored glazes to capture the appearance of aging bronze. These colors mimic the palette of many Tiffany lamps: the finishes are not bright and shiny but rather aged and grand.

Thus, the “un-restoration” of the GAR Rooms at the Chicago Cultural Center are an example of conservation work applied on a huge scale that re-exposed the entirety of an original work by 1897 artisans.

Authors
avatar for Katharine George

Katharine George

Conservator, EverGreene Architectural Arts
Katharine George is a conservator for EverGreene Architectural Arts, based out of the New York office. She works on an array of projects which cover many aspects of conservation work, including: research, documentation, conditions assessments, conservation treatments, construction... Read More →
SV

Samantha Van Kollenburg

Assistant Conservator, EverGreene Architectural Arts
Samantha Van Kollenburg is an assistant conservator with EverGreene Architectural Arts based out of the Chicago office. She works on an array of conservation work, including research, condition assessments, conservation treatments, and construction management. Samantha has a MS in... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Katharine George

Katharine George

Conservator, EverGreene Architectural Arts
Katharine George is a conservator for EverGreene Architectural Arts, based out of the New York office. She works on an array of projects which cover many aspects of conservation work, including: research, documentation, conditions assessments, conservation treatments, construction... Read More →
SV

Samantha Van Kollenburg

Assistant Conservator, EverGreene Architectural Arts
Samantha Van Kollenburg is an assistant conservator with EverGreene Architectural Arts based out of the Chicago office. She works on an array of conservation work, including research, condition assessments, conservation treatments, and construction management. Samantha has a MS in... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Book & Paper) Soluble or Not? Research Outlining Solubility of Water-Soluble Pencils and Pastels
Water-soluble pencils and pastels have been produced and utilized since the early 1900s. Water-solubility, originally developed to aid in the clean-up of waxy graphic media, soon became a desirable property for artistic practice. As such, water-soluble graphic media was integrated into the works of Jackson Pollock, Sarindar Dhaliwal, Saul Steinberg and other artists’ collections. Due to the myriad of ways artists can apply this media, it can be challenging to visually distinguish it from their non-soluble pencil and pastel counterparts, as well as traditional watercolor washes. This is further impacted by the limitations of media labels, product data sheets, and the nature of artistic practice, which has made it difficult to track artworks made using water-soluble graphic media in collections. As previous studies have indicated, unlike traditional watercolor, water-soluble pencils can remain soluble long after they are applied due to their water-soluble waxy binder. The differences in their solubility behaviours paired with how easily they can be mistaken for other media can have dire consequences for artworks in collections. Additionally, there is little literature exploring the natural aging properties of these materials; therefore, the need for further exploration of these materials has been identified (Buttle Et al., 2015).

This research explores the composition, aging, and solubility behaviours of seven water-soluble graphic media: Caran D'Ache Neocolor II Aquarelle Water-Soluble Wax Pastels and Museum Aquarelle Watercolour Pencils; Brevillier's Cretacolor Aquarelle Oil Pastels; Derwent Inktense Ink Pencils; Faber-Castell Albrecht Dürer and Goldfaber Aqua Watercolour Pencils; and Gallery by Mungyo Watercolour Crayons. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectroscopy (Py-GC-MS), and portable X-ray fluorescence (XRF) were used to identify the binder, bulking agents, and colorants. Preliminary analysis has indicated the presence of polyether-polyols and other sugars instead of traditional gum binders which may contribute to the media remaining soluble over time as previously described. Thermo-aging in hybridization tubes was undertaken on media that were applied to Arches Hot-press watercolor paper. A set of aged and unaged samples were then immersed in baths of commonly used paper treatment solvents: distilled water, ethanol, acetone, ethyl acetate and toluene. Any color shift resulting from these baths was monitored with a Konica Minolta CM-700d color spectrophotometer while the relative amount of media was tracked using ATR FTIR.

All research samples and data, in addition to pencil and pastel sets acquired will be added to Queen’s Artist Material Archive to support the development of a long term-natural aging study of these materials. An additional goal of the Artist Material Archive will focus on the creation of a database of External-Reflection FTIR spectra to help distinguish water-soluble graphic media from non-soluble pencils and pastels. This method will allow conservation professionals with access to FTIR to identify unknown media without damaging or sampling an artwork. This definitive baseline for future identification and material research will aid in the study of conservation concerns and treatment options for contemporary water-soluble pencils and pastels.

Authors
avatar for Rosaleen Hill

Rosaleen Hill

Associate Professor, Queen's University
Rosaleen Hill is the Director of the Art Conservation Program at Queen’s University and Associate Professor of Paper, Photograph and New Media. Prior to joining Queen’s University, she taught preservation management courses in the School of Information Studies at the University... Read More →
JP

Jennifer Poulin

Senior Conservation Scientist, Canadian Conservation Institute
Jennifer Poulin holds a BSc (honours) in chemistry from Acadia University (1992) and a MSc in chemistry (specializing in gas chromatography) from Dalhousie University (1995). She joined the Canadian Conservation Institute in 2003 and is passionate in her role as a senior conservation... Read More →
avatar for Lindsay Sisson

Lindsay Sisson

Assistant Conservator / Restauratrice Adjointe, Ingenium - Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation / Musées des sciences et de l’innovation du Canada
Lindsay Sisson is an Assistant Conservator at Ingenium - Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation / Musées des sciences et de l’innovation du Canada. She previously held the position of Isabel Bader Fellow in Art Conservation for the Master of Art Conservation (MAC) program... Read More →
SW

Scott Williams

Adjunct Professor, Conservation Science, Queen's University
After a 42-year career as an analytical chemist, the last 36 years of which were at the Canadian Conservation Institute, Scott Williams retired as a Senior Conservation Scientist in 2013. At CCI he performed thousands of analyses of materials from all types of museum and cultural... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Lindsay Sisson

Lindsay Sisson

Assistant Conservator / Restauratrice Adjointe, Ingenium - Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation / Musées des sciences et de l’innovation du Canada
Lindsay Sisson is an Assistant Conservator at Ingenium - Canada's Museums of Science and Innovation / Musées des sciences et de l’innovation du Canada. She previously held the position of Isabel Bader Fellow in Art Conservation for the Master of Art Conservation (MAC) program... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) Wade Guyton’s Inkjet Paintings: Artist’s Materials, Technique, and Conservation Challenges
Since 2004 the American artist Wade Guyton (b. 1972) has used Epson inkjet printers as one of his main artistic tools to create both small and large-scale abstract and figurative paintings. Guyton’s process involves the feeding of a primed linen canvas through an inkjet printer, allowing ‘mistakes’ such as low toner, misalignments, creases, and ink pooling to generate the final image.

The use of a primed canvas rather than a substrate created specifically to receive inkjet ink (e.g. coated inkjet paper or PET) creates on one hand the artist’s recognizable and loved style; on the other hand, it presents a variety of unique preservation and conservation challenges. For example, due to the pigment ink droplets not being absorbed into the material but sitting on top of the oil-based primer, the surfaces are not only water soluble but also extremely sensitive to the touch: any pressure causes irreversible change to the surface, making handling and packing of these works very challenging. Consequently, most surface changes are irreversible and treatment options are limited.

As the machine-made surface gives the illusion that we are faced with a durable and stable artwork, understanding that this inkjet-printed canvas is highly sensitive and prone to damages is an essential to the process of caring for these paintings.

I have worked closely with the artist’s studio since 2010, and throughout my career in private practice, I have had the opportunity to examine or treat more than 80 inkjet paintings. This long-lasting relationship with the artist has given me the possibility to collaborate with him, to observe his creative process and to conduct interviews specifically pertaining to conservation. Because the materials and the printing technique Guyton employs straddle a broad range of material specializations; discussions, and collaborations with professionals from other conservation specialties and disciplines have been crucial to my current treatment approach.

This presentation will illustrate the artist’s process and many of the treatment challenges specific to this manipulated material, as well as reflect on a theoretical framework of how to approach works composed of subverted materials.

Authors
avatar for Giuliana Moretto

Giuliana Moretto

Senior Conservator / Partner, New York Art Conservation
Prior to co-founding NY Art Conservation, Giuliana was an Associate Conservator at Contemporary Conservation for over 10 years.Giuliana specializes in the conservation of objects and paintings, with a focus on non-traditional materials and use of innovative artistic techniques. These... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Giuliana Moretto

Giuliana Moretto

Senior Conservator / Partner, New York Art Conservation
Prior to co-founding NY Art Conservation, Giuliana was an Associate Conservator at Contemporary Conservation for over 10 years.Giuliana specializes in the conservation of objects and paintings, with a focus on non-traditional materials and use of innovative artistic techniques. These... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Objects) Navigating The Changing Course: The Evolving Treatment Protocol for the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum's 1896 Lilienthal Glider
The Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum is undergoing a multi-year renovation project that has enabled some of our aviation treasures to be thoroughly examined for the first time in decades. One such artifact is a glider built and sold by the German aviation pioneer, Otto Lilienthal. Lilienthal studied aerodynamics and methodically tested various wing designs through the 1890’s. He was a great inspiration to the Wright brothers, who adopted his experimental approach and built on his data. Lilienthal flew more than 2000 flights and established the first factory for gliders to be sold to the public. The Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum’s glider is one of the 9 “Normalsegelapparat” gliders Lilienthal sold to the public and is the only Lilienthal glider in the western hemisphere.

During the gallery renovation’s planning stages, an initial survey characterized the glider as needing only surface cleaning and stain reduction. Records indicated that the glider had gone through three previous restorations and that it was still in good condition. Upon closer inspection and during the more detailed treatment proposal phase, questions began to arise about the accuracy and structural stability of the glider. The fabric slated for stain reduction was a 1960’s replacement that was incorrectly constructed. The wood frame retained old repairs related to its first test flights alongside new breaks. The metal hardware was almost entirely replacements that mis-represented Lilienthal’s innovative design. The growing concerns warranted a thorough examination of the artifact. Traces of evidence extant on the original materials prompted extensive historical research and collaboration with Lilienthal experts in Germany. As we learned more about the artifact, our treatment protocol shifted towards reversing the previous ill-informed restorations and to embrace the new information derived from current collaborations and material analyses.

Navigating this changing course of the treatment plan yielded many pleasant surprises and some challenges. Newly revealed features of the glider, such as an early safety feature, a clearer understanding of the original hardware’s functional design, and the re-discovery of an original Lilienthal vertical stabilizer were all highlights of this process. However, the greatest challenge was in finding ways to “unrestore” the glider and reintegrate missing components without impacting the original elements. Historically relevant damages needed to be preserved while carefully retaining structural integrity with reversible repairs.

As we gained knowledge about our glider and considered our technical capabilities, we adjusted the treatment protocol. Guided by current ethical standards we utilized the highest level of craft skills to return the glider to its original configuration while expanding the field’s body of knowledge regarding Lilienthal gliders for all of the museums and scholars involved.

Authors
MB

Maggie Bearden

Objects Conservator, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
avatar for Malcolm Collum

Malcolm Collum

Chief Conservator, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
Malcolm Collum is the Engen Conservation Chair at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum and has been the Chief Conservator since 2008. He has a B.A. from the University of Minnesota and an M.A. and Certificate of Advanced Study in Art Conservation from Buffalo State College... Read More →
JF

Jay Flanagan

Restoration Specialist, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
avatar for Deborah Duerbeck Parr

Deborah Duerbeck Parr

Objects Conservator, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
Deborah Duerbeck Parr is an objects conservator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. She holds an M.S. in Art Conservation from the Winterthur/ University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation where she studied the conservation of wood and paintings. She studied at... Read More →
DR

Daniel Ravizza

Conservator, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum

Speakers
avatar for Deborah Duerbeck Parr

Deborah Duerbeck Parr

Objects Conservator, Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum
Deborah Duerbeck Parr is an objects conservator at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. She holds an M.S. in Art Conservation from the Winterthur/ University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation where she studied the conservation of wood and paintings. She studied at... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Paintings) Afraid of The Unknown? What Are Barnett Newman’s Reds, Yellows and Blues?


Barnett Newman (1905-1970) was one of the most iconic artists of the Abstract Expressionist movement in the United States of America, known for his large color field paintings that in their expression of composition and color struck many viewers as repetitive. One befuddled individual after viewing a Newman show asked “How simple can an artist be and get away with it? There was absolutely nothing there.”[1] Despite the apparent similarity of his works to casual observers, Newman was very leery of repetition; his wife, Annalee, said that he “hated redundancy, that he wanted above all to avoid repeating himself and that each painting had to be for him like a person, a unicorn.”[2] This concern may have been why Newman only ever created one formal series of paintings that he considered a cohesive grouping: Stations of the Cross: Lema Sabachthani (1958-1966), which was limited to a black and white palette. He did sometimes choose to revisit a concept or problem and created series of paintings with the same name.[3] One exemplar of this category are the four paintings titled Who’s Afraid of Red, Yellow and Blue (1966-1970), which explored the titular colors. Newman created only a single other work that contained all three primaries, Chartres (1969), one of his few works exploring triangular-shaped canvases. Despite containing the three primary colors, the title of this work indicates Newman did not consider it part of the main series.

The four works in the Who’s afraid series, created over a period of four years varied in their media, oil or acrylic, and in their size, the smallest being the first of the series at 190.5 x 212.9 cm and the largest the last at 274.3 x 604.5 cm. The first of the series was sold in 1967; thus, it was not available to Newman as a reference when finishing Who’s Afraid III (1967-68) or during the creation of Chartres and Who’s Afraid IV (1969-70). These works have also never been exhibited together, leaving photograph-based comparisons as the only means to assess their similarities- a fraught undertaking. Thus, we do not really know what Newman’s reds, yellows, and blues are- are they even the same color? To understand Newman’s artistic vision and his interpretation of the primary colors we have scientifically documented the color of the reds, yellow and blues on Chartres and Who’s afraid I, II, and IV, and the materials he used to create them. Our findings reveal that while he had a clear and consistent vision of what ‘red’ is, his yellows and blues, particularly the latter, varied widely both in tonality and materiality, a previously unappreciated and surprising complexity of his work.

[1] M. Stevens: ‘Power and Melancholy’, New York Magazine, Jan 16, 1995 (1995), pp.58-59, p.58.

[2] Y.-A. Bois: ‘On Two Paintings by Barnett Newman’, October, 108 (2004), pp.3-34, p.3.

[3] Examples include Onement I – IV and White Fire I – IV.

Authors
avatar for Bradford Epley

Bradford Epley

Chief Conservator, Museum Resources Division of the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs
Bradford Epley is Head of Conservation, Museum Resources Division of the New Mexico Department of Cultural Affairs; he holds a B.A. in chemistry from Southwestern University and an M.A. in Art Conservation from SUNY Buffalo State University.
avatar for Corina Rogge

Corina Rogge

Director of Conservation, The Menil Collection
Corina (Cory) Rogge is the Director of Conservation at the Menil Collection. She earned a B.A. in chemistry from Bryn Mawr College, a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Yale University and held postdoctoral positions at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the University of Texas Health... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Corina Rogge

Corina Rogge

Director of Conservation, The Menil Collection
Corina (Cory) Rogge is the Director of Conservation at the Menil Collection. She earned a B.A. in chemistry from Bryn Mawr College, a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Yale University and held postdoctoral positions at the University of Wisconsin–Madison and the University of Texas Health... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 255 BC (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) An Investigation of Additives In Resin Coated Papers
During a 2023 characterization study of Robert Mapplethorpe prints at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, NY, four gelatin silver prints on resin coated (RC) paper from the 1970s were found to have small blue and magenta colorants scattered throughout the resin layer of the recto.  When observed under ultraviolet radiation, all four prints had significant transfer of optical brightening agents (OBAs) to the Phototex folders used in housing despite being stored under optimal environmental conditions. It was further found that OBAs readily transferred from the verso when lightly brushed with a dry cotton swab.
While the modes of deterioration for RC prints have been well documented in conservation literature, unique aspects of their structure and manufacturing have not.  In addition, the materials used in mass produced photographic papers from the late 20th century are often difficult to research due to lack of publicly available information from manufacturers.  To further investigate the phenomena observed in the Mapplethorpe prints, 63 samples of RC paper from the 1960s to the 2010s were examined to look for the presence of colorants in the resin layer and dry OBA transfer.  Samples were chosen from the collection of gelatin silver and chromogenic papers collected by Paul Messier and currently held by the Lens Media Lab at Yale University’s Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage.  Only Kodak papers from between the 1970s and 1980s had both blue and magenta colorants.  About two thirds of the paper samples exhibited dry transfer of OBAs to non-optically brightened surfaces.
 The observation of colored additives as well as the issue of OBA transfer is supported through research into manufacturers’ patent histories.  Patents provide a rich source of information on materials and manufacturing techniques and reveal an intricate network of challenges and developments in the production of RC papers throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.  In addition, these patents speak to the structural and material complexity of photographic papers that cannot always be adequately investigated with nondestructive analytical techniques or imaging.
 This talk will explore the varied manufacturing techniques and additives used in the production of RC paper and their implications for preservation, identification, and dating.  This talk will also explore the potential of patent research in investigating the development of late 20th century photographic materials, and how manufactured photographic papers can often belie binary material categorizations.  

Authors
avatar for Tess Bronwyn Hamilton

Tess Bronwyn Hamilton

The Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation Fellow in Photograph Conservation, The Solomon R Guggenheim Museum
Tess Hamilton (she/her) is the Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation Fellow in Photograph Conservation at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. She has previously worked at Weissman Preservation Center at Harvard Library, the Denver Art Museum, and the Institute for the Preservation of Cultural... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Tess Bronwyn Hamilton

Tess Bronwyn Hamilton

The Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation Fellow in Photograph Conservation, The Solomon R Guggenheim Museum
Tess Hamilton (she/her) is the Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation Fellow in Photograph Conservation at the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum. She has previously worked at Weissman Preservation Center at Harvard Library, the Denver Art Museum, and the Institute for the Preservation of Cultural... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) Barriers To Embedding Sustainability In Conservation Education and Practice
The development and evaluation of pedagogy that is responsive to our changing environmental and social context is essential to providing the next generation of conservators with the skills and insights to preserve tangible and intangible cultural heritage for an uncertain future. The UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage is engaged in multi-phased research to develop methods for embedding sustainability in conservation education. In the first phase of our research, we learned that barriers exist to integrating sustainability not only in teaching curricula, but in all forms of conservation practice. Although in hindsight this finding could have been anticipated, it came up so often in our interviews that we decided to add a second phase to more clearly understand the barriers that conservators face in practice and in educational settings. In this presentation we present the results of our research on these barriers as well as the measures people in the field take to address them. We reviewed the literature in conservation and adjacent disciplines, conducted a survey of the field, interviewed key educators and practitioners on the barriers they encounter in their work, and met with two focus groups comprised of geographically dispersed professionals at different stages of their careers and working in different types and sizes of institutions, including private practice. We also worked with a sustainability coach, educational evaluators, peer reviewers, and other advisors who assisted with our research to better understand these barriers and how to mitigate them. During this research we identified and formulated responses to root causes, including resistance, time constraints, and financial barriers to sustainable practices. We will present strategies for breaking down these barriers in both practice and teaching that prevent our sector from fully embracing a more thoughtful, balanced, safe, and ultimately carbon-neutral approach to conserving cultural heritage collections. In the next phase of our research, we will build on this understanding of barriers to integrating sustainable strategies in practice and education. Our ultimate aim is to develop and disseminate pedagogical models representing activities that embed environmental, social,
cultural, and economic sustainability in all its forms. These pedagogical models will be presented at a later date.The development and evaluation of pedagogy that is responsive to our changing environmental and social context is essential to providing the next generation of conservators with the skills and insights to preserve tangible and intangible cultural heritage for an uncertain future. The UCLA/Getty Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage is engaged in multi-phased research to develop methods for embedding sustainability in conservation education. In the first phase of our research, we learned that barriers exist to integrating sustainability not only in teaching curricula, but in all forms of conservation practice. Although in hindsight this finding could have been anticipated, it came up so often in our interviews that we decided to add a second phase to more clearly understand the barriers that conservators face in practice and in educational settings. In this presentation we present the results of our research on these barriers as well as the measures people in the field take to address them. We reviewed the literature in conservation and adjacent disciplines, conducted a survey of the field, interviewed key educators and practitioners on the barriers they encounter in their work, and met with two focus groups comprised of geographically dispersed professionals at different stages of their careers and working in different types and sizes of institutions, including private practice. We also worked with a sustainability coach, educational evaluators, peer reviewers, and other advisors who assisted with our research to better understand these barriers and how to mitigate them. During this research we identified and formulated responses to root causes, including resistance, time constraints, and financial barriers to sustainable practices. We will present strategies for breaking down these barriers in both practice and teaching that prevent our sector from fully embracing a more thoughtful, balanced, safe, and ultimately carbon-neutral approach to conserving cultural heritage collections. In the next phase of our research, we will build on this understanding of barriers to integrating sustainable strategies in practice and education. Our ultimate aim is to develop and disseminate pedagogical models representing activities that embed environmental, social, cultural, and economic sustainability in all its forms. These pedagogical models will be presented at a later date.

Authors
CB

Chedeya Brown

PhD Student, UCLA
avatar for Ellen Pearlstein

Ellen Pearlstein

Professor, UCLA
Ellen Pearlstein is a founding faculty member in the graduate UCLA/Getty Conservation Program, where she incorporates Indigenous instruction into the understanding and care of California basketry and featherwork. Her publications include edited volumes Conservation of Featherwork... Read More →
avatar for Glenn Wharton

Glenn Wharton

Chair/Professor, Art History Department, UCLA
Glenn Wharton is Professor of Art History at UCLA where he also chairs the UCLA/Getty Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage. While in his prior posts at NYU’s Museum Studies Program and the Museum of Modern Art, he established MoMA’s time-based media conservation program... Read More →
avatar for Justine Wuebold

Justine Wuebold

Program Manager / Research Facilitator, NEH Grant Projects, UCLA
Justine Wuebold works in museums and cultural heritage, and has specialized knowledge in collections care, conservation, and green museum practices. She holds a dual Masters in Museum Studies and Business Administration from John F. Kennedy University. Justine is a Research Facilitator... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Ellen Pearlstein

Ellen Pearlstein

Professor, UCLA
Ellen Pearlstein is a founding faculty member in the graduate UCLA/Getty Conservation Program, where she incorporates Indigenous instruction into the understanding and care of California basketry and featherwork. Her publications include edited volumes Conservation of Featherwork... Read More →
avatar for Justine Wuebold

Justine Wuebold

Program Manager / Research Facilitator, NEH Grant Projects, UCLA
Justine Wuebold works in museums and cultural heritage, and has specialized knowledge in collections care, conservation, and green museum practices. She holds a dual Masters in Museum Studies and Business Administration from John F. Kennedy University. Justine is a Research Facilitator... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

3:00pm MDT

(Textiles) Measuring Deformation of Tapestries: Focusing on Mechanical Stress During Vertical Display
It is a challenging task to install tapestries or textiles of any large dimensions on the gallery wall with hanging devices. The installation often involves Velcro attachments on a slat or a frame in open display. This display method leaves tapestries exposed to constant mechanical stress that causes dimensional changes of tapestries over time: a cumulative force by gravity in combination with varying forces caused by tapestries reaction to the environmental changes. Although the mechanical impact of gravity is far much larger than the one caused by environmental condition, little is known to measure the stress caused by tapestries own weights for a duration of time.

A team of a textile conservator and an engineer/physicist developed an optical method to measure the deformation of textiles during hanging with a mockup tapestry. The method involves easily accessible tools, a digital camera and a computational program available in a common programing platform. Some preliminary results may explain and predict certain mechanical behaviors of tapestries during display as hanging. Based on the theoretical understanding with the mockup sample, the same method was applied to the tapestries hanging in the museum galleries. A case study will be presented to share the possible use of this method for monitoring dimensional changes of tapestries hanging in the galleries over time.

Authors
AS

Alejandro Schrott

Consultant, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Dr. Alejandro Schrott consults with a few institutions, including the Center for Integrated Electric Energy Systems at Stony Brook University and Department of Scientific Research at The Metropolitan Museum of Art, after his retirement from IBM as a research staff. He received his... Read More →
avatar for Kisook Suh

Kisook Suh

Conservator, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Kisook Suh is conservator in the Department of Textile Conservation at The Metropolitan Museum of Art. She takes care of tapestries belonging to The Cloisters collection in the Department of Medieval Art. She currently leads a conservation campaign of the series of the Heroes Tapestries... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Kisook Suh

Kisook Suh

Conservator, The Metropolitan Museum of Art
Kisook Suh is conservator in the Department of Textile Conservation at The Metropolitan Museum of Art. She takes care of tapestries belonging to The Cloisters collection in the Department of Medieval Art. She currently leads a conservation campaign of the series of the Heroes Tapestries... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:00pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

3:15pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts and Poster Sessions) The Use of Fiber Optics Spectroscopy for the Identification of Wood
The identification of wood with the use of visibly induced ultraviolet fluorescence has been used mostly for the timber industry and has only briefly been explored in the field of Art Conservation. Making use primarily of relatively large core samples dispersed in solvent, the need for a more reliable, faster, and less invasive technique for wood identification is of pressing importance. Thanks to the recent advancement in Fiber Optics Spectroscopy (FOS) the possibility of creating repeatable fluorescent responses from wooden art objects has become more of a possibility. This poster explores the potential application of Fiber Optic Spectroscopy (FOS) in the ultraviolet (UV) range for the minimally invasive identification of wood species, in the context of art conservation and cultural heritage.

The study focuses on the identification of various wood species commonly found in cultural heritage institutions, including Mahogany, White Oak, Walnut, Poplar, and Ebony, through UV-induced fluorescence spectra and compares the results to known fluorescing species such as Staghorn Sumac. Notably, many of these woods are not known to visibly fluoresce under UV light with the results revealing that FOS in the UV range can produce identifiable spectra for wood samples, even in cases where visible fluorescence is absent. The emission and absorption bands for each wood species are analyzed, providing characteristic spectral fingerprints.

The poster concludes by highlighting the potential of FOS in UV fluorescence as a minimally invasive tool for wood identification, particularly in art conservation, offering a new potential approach to addressing this aspect of the field. The need for further research is emphasized, including the expansion of the sample size to encompass a broader range of wood species, investigation of how growing environments affect spectral responses, and the creation of a comprehensive spectral database for future comparative analysis.

Authors
avatar for Elly Stewart Davis

Elly Stewart Davis

Graduate Fellow (Class of 2024), Garman Art Conservation Department at Buffalo State Universtiy
Elly is a third year graduate fellow at the Garman Art Conservation program at Buffalo State University majoring in objects conservation. She has held preprogram internships in the objects labs at the Gilcrease Museum of Art in Tulsa, the Clevland Museum of Art, and the Art Intitute... Read More →
AS

Aaron Shugar

Professor and Bader Chair in Analytical Imaging, Queens University

Speakers
avatar for Elly Stewart Davis

Elly Stewart Davis

Graduate Fellow (Class of 2024), Garman Art Conservation Department at Buffalo State Universtiy
Elly is a third year graduate fellow at the Garman Art Conservation program at Buffalo State University majoring in objects conservation. She has held preprogram internships in the objects labs at the Gilcrease Museum of Art in Tulsa, the Clevland Museum of Art, and the Art Intitute... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 3:15pm - 3:30pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

3:30pm MDT

4:00pm MDT

(Textiles) Inexpensive Methods for Small-Scale Digital Textile Printing
Convincing reproduction fabrics are often required for the treatment and interpretation of textile-based cultural heritage, from garments to historic house furnishings. The fabrication of such reproductions can require expertise and a significant investment of time and monetary resources. The recent opening of a gallery dedicated to historic dress at The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation (CWF) required the creation of a reproduction stomacher for a child’s gown, presenting the opportunity to explore low-cost and easily accessible methods for creating digitally printed reproduction textiles. Two avenues for digital printing were explored; yardage was custom printed by Spoonflower, an online print-on-demand company that permits custom designs to be uploaded for printing, and paper-backed cotton poplin marketed for use with home ink jet printers. Digital images of the gown’s damask textile were obtained by photographing a section of the skirt flat. The color-corrected images were uploaded to the Spoonflower website and printed yardage on two fabric types, cotton poplin and petal signature cotton, were ordered. Several options in a range of tones and saturations were printed on the paper-backed print-at-home cotton poplin fabric by CWF’s staff photographer. All three types of printed fabrics were evaluated for print quality, color match, ease and rate of acquisition, and overall cost. Oddy testing determined that all the digitally printed textiles were approved for permanent use with collections. The at-home printing option produced a higher quality printed textile with a finer resolution than the Spoonflower prints and working with in-house photography staff allowed for a quick turnaround time, rather than waiting for additional proofs to be printed and shipped by an out-of-state company. The material cost was roughly the same, though the print-at-home option provided greater flexibility for experimentation and color matching. Washing the at-home digitally printed textile according to the manufacturer’s instructions produced a slight shift in color, while the Spoonflower textiles had the same appearance before and after washing. The lightweight quality of the cotton substrates allowed the overall color of the digitally printed textiles to be manipulated by adding dyed cotton underlays to better match the original textile’s color. The print-at-home textile was successfully used to create a stomacher for short-term display with the gown.

This small case study provided valuable insight into options for low-cost digital printing of textile yardage. Both methods of printing produced textiles that do not produce harmful pollutants, making them acceptable for use near cultural heritage objects. The Spoonflower textiles had a more pixilated appearance than the print-at-home option and color matching was more challenging due to limitations of the Spoonflower photo manipulation software. One major limitation of the print-at-home option is the size of the cotton poplin substrate available for printing; commercially available sheets are limited to 8 ½” by 11”, sized to be used with at-home printers. The printed fabrics may be seamed, but this is not acceptable for all uses. Future avenues for experimentation may include Spoonflower printing on lighter weight fabrics that can be manipulated with underlays or other surface embellishments like textile paints.

Authors
avatar for Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace

Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace

Associate Textile Conservator, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace is the Associate Textile Conservator at The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. She completed a Master of Science from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2018 with concentrations in textile and preventive conservation and holds... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace

Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace

Associate Textile Conservator, The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation
Jacquelyn Peterson-Grace is the Associate Textile Conservator at The Colonial Williamsburg Foundation. She completed a Master of Science from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2018 with concentrations in textile and preventive conservation and holds... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:15pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Preventive Care) Are We There Yet? Facilitation Is Our Preventive Conservation Future
Preventive conservation is growing: it features in project planning, there are increasing numbers of preventive conservator jobs, and there is greater availability of preventive conservation graduate training opportunities. But is the sign of preventive conservation success the proliferation of preventive conservator positions? Or is it embracing the diversity of perspectives that a range of practitioners bring and a focus on growing practice and engagement? Could the best way to advance preventive conservation be through recognition and development of a range of skill sets to address preventive conservation in different settings?

Preventive conservation may become stronger through growing practice centered on facilitation. To tightly define preventive conservator roles may be to risk the same pitfalls of tightly defining the conservator: to perpetuate transactional conservation relationships and inadvertently create barriers to conservation involvement in greater institutional planning, so critical for preventive conservation success.

Instead of identifying success through anointing practitioners with preventive conservator titles, should we instead build and strengthen collaborative training cohorts, coach future leaders, and work to establish institutional frameworks so critical to the recognition, deployment, and success of preventive conservation approaches? In supporting a range of professionals focusing on preventive conservation, do we instead create professional development benchmarks, providing accessible professional development opportunities for the preventive conservation technician to the director-level operational strategist? Given preventive conservation’s interconnectedness at an institutional level with facilities management, sustainable energy use efforts, storage design, health & safety, climate resilience planning, and other roles, facilitation-forward preventive conservation recognizes the many voices that collaborate in forwarding the field and opens doors.

As I wrote in my blog “How Do We Enhance Collaboration: Do feelings of professional exclusion lead us to seek answers from those most like ourselves?” as part of Dr. Joelle Wickens’s project What is Conservation?, I challenge us to think about the bigger tent of conservation. We need to consider how to develop aptitudes and skills within a range of preventive conservation practitioners that connect outward, toward the finance, operations, capital planning, legal, and government relations areas of our organizations. Growing preventive conservation may focus on multiple stewardship models to staffing preventive care, each with their own strengths.

Authors
avatar for Rebecca Fifield

Rebecca Fifield

Associate Director (Head), Collection Management, New York Public Library
Rebecca Fifield is Associate Director, Collection Management for the Research Libraries of The New York Public Library, establishing that program in the Preservation and Collections Processing Division in 2016. Ms. Fifield has over 30 years experience working with art and history... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Rebecca Fifield

Rebecca Fifield

Associate Director (Head), Collection Management, New York Public Library
Rebecca Fifield is Associate Director, Collection Management for the Research Libraries of The New York Public Library, establishing that program in the Preservation and Collections Processing Division in 2016. Ms. Fifield has over 30 years experience working with art and history... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:20pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Architecture) What If We Find Hoffa? Managing Large Scale Uncertainties
Thousands of skyscrapers decorate the landscape of the United States. As they continue to pop up in cities from coast to coast many of the existing ones are ageing. In New York City alone there are over 1 million buildings, with an average age of 53 years. of this million 15,695 of them are over six stories and of those, 7000 are skyscrapers (over 115 ft. tall). The probability of encountering unknowns during restorations on buildings of this size is one hundred percent.

In New York City there is a local law—FISP (Façade Inspection & Safety Program) formally known as Local Law 11, which requires the inspection of all buildings over six stories high every five years. This inspection law had roots in a 1979 incident when a piece of terracotta fell and killed a college student. The law was expanded and made mandatory in 1998 after a large portion of a 39-story brick façade collapsed onto Madison Avenue. Currently, most urban centers have adopted similar inspection requirements.

With these cyclical inspections comes cyclical maintenance programs. However, maintenance on a large-scale historic structure is very different from just setting up a scaffold here and there. Mobilization of a forty-story building can cost more than the maintenance repairs themselves and can easily range from 2 to 4 million dollars. Surprises will be discovered during construction work, and assumptions must be made and repairs budgeted for what isn’t known prior to mobilization.

Expectations are managed by using historic construction documents from the building itself or from similar aged and sized structures. Managing large scale unknowns is a skill that not all conservators are familiar with, and how these uncertainties are planned for can make or break a restoration project. This presentation will provide examples of challenges that have arisen on buildings of this size and general guidelines for best practices when approaching large scale uncertainties in conservation.

Authors
avatar for Xsusha Flandro

Xsusha Flandro

Senior Project Manager/ Architectural Conservator, CANY
From subways to the tops of skyscrapers, Xsusha Flandro lives for the highs and lows of historic NYC architecture. With fifteen years of conservation experience Xsusha is the primary Architectural Conservator for CANY (Consulting Associates of New York). She holds a Master of Science... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Xsusha Flandro

Xsusha Flandro

Senior Project Manager/ Architectural Conservator, CANY
From subways to the tops of skyscrapers, Xsusha Flandro lives for the highs and lows of historic NYC architecture. With fifteen years of conservation experience Xsusha is the primary Architectural Conservator for CANY (Consulting Associates of New York). She holds a Master of Science... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Book & Paper) Plotting a Treatment: The Delamination and Bathing of an Eighteen Foot Manuscript Map
An 1898 manuscript map of parts of Puerto Rico, from the Spanish-American War, came to the lab at Harpers Ferry Center from San Juan National Historic Site as part of a group of laminated materials. Its eighteen foot length presented unique challenges for both treatment and safety. The map had been sandwiched on cloth with three layers of cellulose acetate and had already begun to produce a distinct vinegar smell. This talk will briefly cover the variations in delamination treatment on two smaller maps, and how the smaller scale treatments informed the larger treatment. The focus will be on the plan for treatment, materials, set up, method, safety, and lessons learned in the process. The object and treatment were intimidating. By sharing this treatment, the goal is to provide a manageable framework that others might use as a starting point for future projects.

Authors
AH

Allison Holcomb

Conservator, Harpers Ferry Center
Allison Holcomb has been a book and paper conservator working for the National Park Service at Harpers Ferry Center in West Virginia for eight years. Allison graduated from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2012 and held fellowships working with... Read More →

Speakers
AH

Allison Holcomb

Conservator, Harpers Ferry Center
Allison Holcomb has been a book and paper conservator working for the National Park Service at Harpers Ferry Center in West Virginia for eight years. Allison graduated from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2012 and held fellowships working with... Read More →
avatar for Sara Leonowitz

Sara Leonowitz

Conservation Technician, National Archives and Records Administration (NARA)
Sara Leonowitz holds a Bachelor of Arts from the University of Delaware’s undergraduate program in art conservation, minoring in art history and religious studies. After graduating in 2020, she worked as an independent contract technician in book and paper conservation for the National... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) The '80s Fascination with Tech Art and Their Conservation Challenges
The concept of “expecting the unexpected” is essential to the art conservator. We must carefully test and be prepared to adjust our treatments in accordance. However, we are also required to give cost and time estimates to the client before even touching an artwork. This leads to challenging situations particularly for complex, aged, technological artworks from the 1980s.

Sometimes, we find ourselves asking simple questions like “have they tried turning it on again?”, or “can we SAFELY turn it on again?”, or “what is it even supposed to do?”. Oftentimes records are scarce, so you gather what little information you can from residents or employees that have been around the longest. Once a treatment proposal has been established, there is always the issue of finding spare parts that are often not produced anymore. These challenges must be overcome since these artworks are truly starting to show their age and desperately require restauration [conservation].

Olga Zeldakova created “L’horloge” in 1983. It consists of painted steel pillars with an aluminum cube structure standing 30 feet high above an air vent. The cube contains four quadrants with light bulbs arranged in circular patterns. The artwork is part of the “one-percent initiative” and is located outside in a very busy area of Montreal. There were no videos available of the clock functioning, but the general information is that the clock would indicate time with red lights and chimes. However, the noise apparently bothered the residents, so it was turned off decades ago. The cube containing the electrical parts of the clock is only accessible through a trap door and carefully built scaffolding. We were called to propose a treatment without knowing the current condition of the artwork. Obviously, this led to a lot of surprises, such as the extent of the corrosion beneath the layers of paint, the reality of just how busy the area around it is and the actual functional state of the clock itself.

André Mongeau created the “Horloge solaire” in 1983 to be integrated into a building. This artwork, also part of the “one-percent initiative”, is composed of glass fiber optical cables running through the wall of the building that capture the light outside and shine through a plexiglass disk located in a now abandoned staircase. An additional element to the artwork is a laser canon located inside the building across the street that was intended to shine a red laser beam into the glass exterior captor, which allegedly turned the light specks red at night. Again, no videos of this artwork in action were available. Accounts from the artist say the laser beam never worked properly. Examination of the artwork after deinstallation revealed the fiber optics were fractured and had shrunk. In addition to this, the laser canon had caught fire. Now the challenges we faced were “where can we find glass fiber optic cables?”, “can we reinstall a new safer laser canon?” and “will it work?”.

Authors
avatar for Emmanuelle Perron

Emmanuelle Perron

Art Conservator, D L Héritage inc
Accredited 2023, Conservator, paintings specialization.Received her Master of Art Conservation from Queen's University (2011). Work experience includes: an internship at CCQ (2011), a contract with Le ministère de la Culture et des Communications (2011) and a full-time position at... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Emmanuelle Perron

Emmanuelle Perron

Art Conservator, D L Héritage inc
Accredited 2023, Conservator, paintings specialization.Received her Master of Art Conservation from Queen's University (2011). Work experience includes: an internship at CCQ (2011), a contract with Le ministère de la Culture et des Communications (2011) and a full-time position at... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Objects) Tropical Treatment: Testing the Efficacy of Pineapple, Papaya, and Kiwi Juices in the Removal of Adhesives
Conservation treatments done in museum settings often include the use of archival adhesives and high-grade solvents obtained from approved vendors. However, many of the objectsinmuseum collections have been made or previously repaired with adhesives that are not considered archival or conservation-grade, complicating the work of conservators that attempt to remove them. of special interest are thermoset and aged thermoplastic adhesives as they are virtually impossible to remove with traditionally-used solvents, together with the possibility of irreversible damage caused by their removal.

At the Yale Peabody Museum, after encountering numerous objects that had adhesives not affected by traditional solvents, we decided to search for non-traditional options. Previous work done on the removal of epoxy from a mastodon tusk using pineapple juice inspired our search for novel ways to treat objects. The long-term effects of epoxy resins have been known in conservation for decades, including persistent issues with aging properties and reversibility. Epoxies have been historically used in glass restoration but its use is not reserved only for this purpose; preparators and collectors often use it on large, heavy fossils and minerals due the adhesive’s strength in comparison to conservation-grade adhesives. The need to reverse epoxy joints that do not have a reversible adhesive barrier becomes fundamental for several object materials.

The goal of this work was to test the effectiveness of pineapple juice, as well as papaya and kiwi juices in the removal of aged adhesives, both from older objects and test samples. Older objects containing visible adhesives obtained at thrift stores were employed as test objects. Samples were obtained and analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) at the Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage at Yale University. In addition, samples were prepared on plexiglass using adhesives known to have been used in the repair of objects, especially by the general public. These were then aged artificially. For the removal of the adhesives, all samples were treated with pineapple, papaya and kiwi juices, as well as with their corresponding enzymes (bromelain, papain, and actinidin, respectively).

Preliminary results suggest that the pineapple juice is able to soften some aged adhesives, which can then be removed mechanically. Not all objects are suitable for this kind of treatment, due to the possibility of staining, damage, and even increased risk of pest activity.

The most important goal of this study is not the identification of which adhesives these juices are able to remove or even whether the isolation of the enzymes is a better technique altogether, but to find a simple, non-hazardous method of adhesive removal in conservation. This goal becomes especially important when considering that many institutions worldwide are not able to purchase certain solvents as part of their daily practice due to cost, availability of high quality options, and even national security concerns. We hope this study is a first step in finding a good solution to a problem that is widespread in conservation.

Authors
avatar for Mariana Di Giacomo

Mariana Di Giacomo

Natural History Conservator, Yale Peabody Museum
Mariana Di Giacomo is the Natural History Conservator at the Yale Peabody Museum. She was born in Uruguay, where she completed her B.S and M.S. in Biology and Zoology, respectively, both with concentrations in Vertebrate Paleontology, from the Universidad de la República. While in... Read More →
AH

Anna-Colette Haynes

Pre-Program Conservation Intern, Yale Peabody Museum
Anna-Colette Haynes is a 2022 graduate of the University of Delaware’s undergraduate program, majoring in Art Conservation and minoring in Anthropology, Art History, and Chemistry. She additionally earned an Honor’s degree with distinction by completing a senior theses surveying... Read More →
JK

Jasmine Keegan

Pre-Program Conservation Intern, Yale Peabody Museum
Jasmine Keegan is a 2020 graduate of Oberlin College having gotten a degree in Art History. She held a 10 month internship from 2022-2023 at the Yale Peabody Museum and is currently a pre-program intern in conservation at the Yale University Art Gallery. She has a passion for learning... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Mariana Di Giacomo

Mariana Di Giacomo

Natural History Conservator, Yale Peabody Museum
Mariana Di Giacomo is the Natural History Conservator at the Yale Peabody Museum. She was born in Uruguay, where she completed her B.S and M.S. in Biology and Zoology, respectively, both with concentrations in Vertebrate Paleontology, from the Universidad de la República. While in... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Paintings) Shedding Light on the Master of Light: Technical Studies of Five Paintings by Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida
Joaquín Sorolla y Bastida (1863-1923) was one of the most prominent Spanish artists of the late nineteenth/early twentieth centuries. His exceptional talent in capturing the brilliant luminosity of his Mediterranean surroundings and native Spain earned him the title ‘Master of Light’. An investigation into the materials and techniques of five of his paintings in the collection of the J. Paul Getty Museum - Pepilla and her Daughter (1910), The Wounded Foot (1909), Hall of the Ambassadors, Alhambra, Granada (1909), Corner of the Garden, Alcazar, Sevilla (1910), and Court of the Dances, Alcázar, Sevilla (1910) - provided the opportunity to study Sorolla’s methods, use of materials, and approach to portraiture, landscapes and social/beach scenes at a singular moment in his career.

Pepilla and her Daughter is a portrait of a Romani woman and her child festively adorned in traditional flamenco-style Andalusian dresses. Its conservation and current gallery hang mark an important moment of visibility for the painting, now on display for the first time in over two decades. During its treatment, a technical study was carried out to elucidate Sorolla’s material and compositional choices. Examination of the canvas preparation, underpainting, pigments, and paint application were carried out using infrared reflectography (IRR), photomicrography, scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) mapping. The findings from these analyses provide primary evidence of Sorolla’s working practice as documented in contemporary photographs and letters by the artist. For example, that he cut his own canvases to unique sizes was supported by thread count analysis, and that he used post-industrial, synthetic paints purchased from commercial suppliers was supported by the identification of pigments including cadmium yellow, chromium oxide green, and cobalt blue by XRF measurements.

The other four paintings in the Getty’s collection, which include a beach scene and three landscapes, were likewise studied. Photomicrography has highlighted similarities in Sorolla’s creative strategies for paint mixing and application among these scenes to achieve specific visual effects. For example, wet-in-wet swirling of multiple colors together to impart a rippling, dynamic quality in dappled, sunlit areas, and the depiction of three-dimensional architectural details such as stucco-like textures and balusters through deliberate flicks of paint. Although still ongoing, preliminary results suggest Sorolla was consistent about his choice of pigments - and pigment mixtures - to evoke a particular mood. For example, the deep, warm tones in Pepilla elicit the tender feelings in the mother-daughter bond that is portrayed, while the beach scene of The Wounded Foot is composed of lighter, brighter, and more energetic color mixtures. Colorimetry and color difference analysis of representative colors from each painting will be visualized in CIELAB space to examine these trends and confirm these observed patterns quantitatively, while XRF and RIS-based pigment identification and mapping will provide a snapshot of Sorolla's palette during these two years. Because his paintings are found in collections across the US, these findings will hopefully inspire additional studies to establish a more comprehensive overview of Sorolla’s working methods and materials over the course of his career.

Authors
avatar for Kendall Francis

Kendall Francis

Assistant Paintings Conservator, Yale Center for British Art
Kendall received a BA joint honours degree in Fine Art and Art History from Plymouth University and a PGDIP in easel painting conservation from The Courtauld Institute of Art. She was a Conservation Fellow at the National Gallery, London and most recently a Painting Conservation Intern... Read More →
avatar for Olivia Kuzio

Olivia Kuzio

Assistant Scientist, Getty Conservation Institute
Olivia works in the GCI Science Department's Technical Studies Research laboratory, where her projects center around imaging systems. She focuses on expanding the Institute's capabilities in hyperspectral imaging and incorporating it with other scientific imaging techniques, such... Read More →
avatar for Devi Ormond

Devi Ormond

Associate Paintings Conservator, J. Paul Getty Museum
Devi Ormond received her Master’s degree in Paintings Conservation in 1999 from the University of Northumbria at Newcastle. She then spent two years at the Hamilton Kerr Institute Cambridge, UK and completed several internships both in Museums and private studios in Europe and the... Read More →
avatar for Karen Trentelman

Karen Trentelman

Senior Scientist, Getty Conservation Institute
Karen Trentelman is head of Technical Studies research, which focuses on the scientific study of works of art to further the understanding and preservation of these works in collaboration with conservators and curators. Current areas of interest include: revealing hidden layers in paintings and manuscripts using noninvasive spectro... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Kendall Francis

Kendall Francis

Assistant Paintings Conservator, Yale Center for British Art
Kendall received a BA joint honours degree in Fine Art and Art History from Plymouth University and a PGDIP in easel painting conservation from The Courtauld Institute of Art. She was a Conservation Fellow at the National Gallery, London and most recently a Painting Conservation Intern... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 255 BC (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) Polaroid 20×24: Characterization and Investigation of Treatments and Preservation Methods
Polaroid 20 by 24 inches materials are commonly found in fine arts museums’ collections but remain relatively unfamiliar to conservators. This presentation will share the results of a current research project that seeks to gain a better understanding of these supports and their different properties.

The idea of the large format was born after Dr Edwin Land presented the 8x10 peel-apart Polaroid in 1973. Following the commercial success of the new product, Land wanted to create a large camera that would showcase the high quality of the material. Between 1977 and 1978, the company built five cameras that became available to artists in the US and abroad. Over the years, the Polaroid Corporation produced different 20x24 supports for the big cameras, which also had their smaller equivalents in commercially available formats, including Polacolor2, Polacolor ER, Polacolor Pro, and Polapan. The research focused on investigating and analyzing those supports through visual and microscopic observation, color and thickness measurements, surface gloss and texture characterization. Artworks from the collection of the Art Institute of Chicago and the Museum of Fine Arts Boston, were selected to collect data. Measurements were compared with those taken from identified samples in the Conservation Study Collection. Scientists from the Art Institute performed advanced scientific analysis to identify support components and further characterize the materials. Additional research was conducted in the Polaroid Corporation Records held at the Baker Library, Harvard Business School, and through interviews with former and retired scientists who worked for the Polaroid Corporation. The collected information will be compiled to create identification guidelines.

In addition to the characterization of the Polaroid 20x24 supports, different conservation methods, including dry and solvent surface cleaning, consolidation treatments, and tear reinforcement were investigated to determine the best practices and provide recommendations. The treated surfaces were photographed before and after treatment under different lighting conditions to show the impact of each procedure on the treated surface. The final part of this presentation will also include recommendations for storage materials.

Authors
avatar for Paulina Miasik

Paulina Miasik

Mellon Fellow, Photography, The Art Institute of Chicago
Paulina Miąsik is a current Mellon Conservation Fellow in Conservation and Science Department at the Art Institute of Chicago. She holds a master's degree from the Faculty of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Arts of the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, Poland, where she trained... Read More →
avatar for Sylvie Pénichon

Sylvie Pénichon

Director, Paper, Photography and Media Conservation, The Art Institute of Chicago
Sylvie Pénichon is the Director of Paper, Photography and Media Conservation in the Department of Conservation and Science at The Art Institute of Chicago. Her most recent contributions to the museum’s publications include essays in André Kertész: Postcards from Paris (2021... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Paulina Miasik

Paulina Miasik

Mellon Fellow, Photography, The Art Institute of Chicago
Paulina Miąsik is a current Mellon Conservation Fellow in Conservation and Science Department at the Art Institute of Chicago. She holds a master's degree from the Faculty of Conservation and Restoration of Works of Arts of the Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, Poland, where she trained... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) A Hairy Situation: Revisiting the Species Attributions of Meret Oppenheim’s Fur-Lined Teacup at the Museum of Modern Art
Created in 1936, Meret Oppenheim's Object is perhaps the best known artwork from the artist’s oeuvre. The spectacle and absurdity of the fur-lined porcelain teacup, saucer, and metal spoon provoked immediate fascination, derision, and notoriety. Almost instantly, Object, became synonymous with the Surrealist movement and part of the art historical canon, entering the collection of the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) shortly after its creation. Over time, the fascination with the artwork never waned, yet the exact nature of the materials used to create Object have not been fully understood for almost a century. Originally described by the artist as being made with the “pelt of a Chinese gazelle”, conflicting historical records, purposeful obfuscation by the artist, and a lack of concrete analysis have put this attribution into question in recent years. Accurate species attribution for objects that contain animal fur provides invaluable insight into the making and significance of the piece, the understanding of inherent degradation patterns, and conservation treatments. Beyond this, it dictates crucial implications for travelling and loans.




This investigation, undertaken by the David Booth Conservation Department at MoMA, revisits the species identification of the fur used to create Object by combining archival research with scientific analysis. The most common method for species identification in the field is polarized light microscopy. However, this technique relies heavily on accessible, robust data sets that outline the morphological and optical characteristics of hairs from different species so that accurate comparisons can be made. Restricted by a severe lack of comparative resources, especially for non-North American mammals, polarized light microscopy only identified the likely order of which the animal was classified. Upholding the longstanding tradition of borrowing from other fields, a collaboration with the Department of Science at John Jay College of Criminal Justice and Dr. Dan Kirby, conservation scientist, offered access to techniques not commonly used in conservation.




DNA analysis offered a more accurate method for identification by sequencing the genetic information from samples that can then be compared to libraries for identification. However, the age of the sample, prior treatments, and contamination from handling over its lifetime affected the efficacy of this technique. To mitigate these contamination factors, the less common technique of mitochondrial genetic sequencing was undertaken. Comparatively, MALDI-TOF peptide mass fingerprinting (PMF) was also conducted on hide samples taken from Object with the goal of obtaining species information through collagen analysis. PMF analyzes the specific mass of peptides from collagen samples, which are then compared to a database containing known protein sequences to achieve species identification. This technique has the benefit of being highly sensitive and the potential for overcoming contamination issues. However, it is again highly reliant on robust databases for comparison.




This presentation explores the advantages of combining these techniques, as well as their individual disadvantages, and argues for the benefit of using complementary analytical methods. Furthermore, this research demonstrates how the combination of traditional and modern analytical techniques with conservation and art historical practices can add a greater overall understanding of art objects.

Authors
SA

Selin Ates

Student, Forensic Science, John Jay College of Criminal Justice
avatar for Kyna Biggs

Kyna Biggs

David Booth Fellow in Conservation Science, Museum of Modern Art
Kyna Biggs (she/her) is the David Booth Fellow in Conservation Science at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). She holds an Honours BSc in Molecular/Cellular Biology with a minor in Art History (University of Ottawa) and a Master of Art Conservation in Conservation Science (Queen's University... Read More →
avatar for Dan Kirby

Dan Kirby

Scientist, Private practice
After careers as an analytical chemist in semiconductor electronics, pharmaceuticals and academic research, Dan turned his interest to conservation. With over 30 years experience in analytical mass spectrometry, Dan is currently in private practice specializing in applications of... Read More →
NH

Nathan H. Lents

Professor of Biology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice
Nathan H. Lents earned a BS and PhD in Molecular Biology from Saint Louis University, and completed postdoctoral training in genomics and bioinformatics at NYU Medical Center. He joined the faculty of John Jay College of Criminal Justice in 2006, was promoted to Associate Professor... Read More →
avatar for Caitlin Gozo Richeson

Caitlin Gozo Richeson

David Booth Assistant Objects Conservator, Museum of Modern Art
Caitlin Gozo Richeson (she/her) is the David Booth Assistant Objects Conservator at the Museum of Modern Art. She graduated from the Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) in 2012, where she earned her B.F.A. in Art History, Theory, and Criticism with a concentration in Curatorial... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Caitlin Gozo Richeson

Caitlin Gozo Richeson

David Booth Assistant Objects Conservator, Museum of Modern Art
Caitlin Gozo Richeson (she/her) is the David Booth Assistant Objects Conservator at the Museum of Modern Art. She graduated from the Maryland Institute College of Art (MICA) in 2012, where she earned her B.F.A. in Art History, Theory, and Criticism with a concentration in Curatorial... Read More →
avatar for Kyna Biggs

Kyna Biggs

David Booth Fellow in Conservation Science, Museum of Modern Art
Kyna Biggs (she/her) is the David Booth Fellow in Conservation Science at the Museum of Modern Art (MoMA). She holds an Honours BSc in Molecular/Cellular Biology with a minor in Art History (University of Ottawa) and a Master of Art Conservation in Conservation Science (Queen's University... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

4:00pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts) Time May Change Me: A 17th Century Kas
This paper will detail the technical examination, digital planning, and physical reconstruction of missing pieces of a 17th century kas, or Dutch cupboard, in the H.F. Dupont Winterthur Collection (object number 1952.0049). Review of the kas before its inclusion in an exhibition of New York furniture at the Winterthur Museum revealed stylistic inconsistencies with other 17th century New York kasten as well as evidence of obvious compositional changes with regards to the design over time prompting the question: does the current appearance of the kas reflect its early 17th century appearance?

The kas was subjected to thorough visual examination and instrumental analysis to answer this question. Documentation in varying light sources (visible, ultraviolet, x-radiation) allowed for identification of clear areas of intervention on the exterior. Surface coatings were analyzed through pyrolysis gas chromatography mass-spectroscopy (PyGCMS), x-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), and optical microscopy, to identify and compare coating histories across the object. Wood identification of select decorations provided information about materials’ provenance. Findings of the combined analysis supported the hypothesis that the kas had been significantly altered since its creation and no longer reflected its original appearance. Given the Winterthur Museum’s designation as a research collection and the curatorial goals to return the kas to display as an example of 17th century American furniture at the museum, the kas was reversibly altered to reflect a more likely original appearance. Digital alterations of the kas based off of gathered evidence and historical cognates were drafted and shared for peer review. The agreed upon missing or altered pieces of the kas were then constructed from congruous materials and attached in a reversible manner which preserved evidence of original construction and past treatment to the kas to allow future study.

Authors
KG

Kathy Gillis

Senior Furniture Conservator, Winterthur Museum Museum and the University of Delaware
Kathy Z. ​Gillis (she/her) graduated from the Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation (WUDPAC) in 1993. Kathy has been the Elizabeth Terry Seaks Senior Furniture Conservator at Winterthur since 2022. Kathy has worked with the furniture collections at Colonial... Read More →
avatar for Emily McClain

Emily McClain

Mellon Fellow in Furniture Conservation, Philadelphia Museum of Art
Emily McClain is the current Andrew W. Mellon Fellow in the Furniture Conservation Lab at the Philadelphia Museum of Art (2023-2025). Emily is a 2021 Objects Conservation graduate of the Queen's University Masters of Art Conservation Program in Kingston, ON, she received her bachelor's... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Emily McClain

Emily McClain

Mellon Fellow in Furniture Conservation, Philadelphia Museum of Art
Emily McClain is the current Andrew W. Mellon Fellow in the Furniture Conservation Lab at the Philadelphia Museum of Art (2023-2025). Emily is a 2021 Objects Conservation graduate of the Queen's University Masters of Art Conservation Program in Kingston, ON, she received her bachelor's... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:00pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

4:15pm MDT

(Textiles and Poster Session) No Time to Dye: Simulating Dye Recipes with the “Test Tube Method”
Custom-dyeing support fabrics to match textiles in need of treatment is standard practice for conservators, however the process can be time-consuming and resource-intensive, requiring multiple rounds of trial and error. The "Test Tube Method," an approach developed at The Met’s Costume Institute, streamlines dye formulation by reducing the number of dye sessions needed to determine the right recipe.

Before dyeing, recipes are approximated in test tubes using ten drops of up to three PRO Sabraset dyes diluted with water to simulate different depths of shade. The tubes are visually compared against the target textile and plotted on a dye triangle to narrow the range of potential recipes. Adjustments are made accordingly. Subsequently, swatches are dyed using the refined recipes and assessed for accuracy against both the target textile and their corresponding test tubes.

Despite some limitations such as the less accurate representation of especially deep colors and the unpredictability of different dyes’ exhaustion rates, the method provides a systematic and sustainable way to achieve accurate colors quickly without an extensive library of dye recipes. It drastically reduces the need for additional chemicals, fabric, and DI water associated with conventional dye processes, aligning with the growing demand for eco-friendly conservation practices in addition to cutting costs. Recorded test tube efforts also create a valuable resource for future projects, further promoting efficiency and sustainability.

Authors
avatar for Abigail Lenhard

Abigail Lenhard

Student, New York University
Abigail Lenhard is a New York based pre-program Student trained in conservation dye techniques in the Costume Institute at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. She hopes to pursue conservation at the graduate level following her custom BA from NYU’s Gallatin School of Individualized... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Abigail Lenhard

Abigail Lenhard

Student, New York University
Abigail Lenhard is a New York based pre-program Student trained in conservation dye techniques in the Costume Institute at the Metropolitan Museum of Art. She hopes to pursue conservation at the graduate level following her custom BA from NYU’s Gallatin School of Individualized... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:15pm - 4:30pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

4:20pm MDT

(Preventive Care) Purple Tea, Firebrats, and Vibrations: Activating an 18th Century Gilded Salon in a 21st Century Arts & Design School Housed in a 19th Century Building
The Salon Doré, a gilded salon commissioned by a Count to convey a perpetual wedding celebration in 1770 Paris now finds itself in an Arts & Design School in Washington, DC. The Salon came from Paris to DC via a stop in the Fifth Avenue Gilded Age mansion of “Copper King” William Andrews Clark, a one-term Senator from Montana. It may be tempting to think that surviving the French Revolution, shipment across the Atlantic in the early 1900s, then transport down the mid-Atlantic roads of 1925, means that the greatest threats to the Salon’s preservation are over, however, a malfunctioning HVAC and benign neglect from University Facilities have resulted in notable damage to the gilding. The quest to get preservation attention for the room has taken years but by the time of the meeting, the Salon will have been incorporated into a larger HVAC overhaul, new UV film added to the windows, and conservation of the flaking gilding will have taken place.

What makes this case study more dynamic, however, is the effort undertaken to open the Salon to wider use by the School community. The Salon Doré is housed within the 1897 Beaux-Arts building that was built for the Corcoran Gallery of Art and the Corcoran College of Art + Design that closed in 2014 and was transferred to the George Washington University. The Salon has been in a bit of limbo since 2014, being both literally and figuratively locked off from the School Community. There were exceptions for access but this was usually in the form of Art History symposia or musical performances in-line with the period of the room’s creation. But in response to the tumultuous events of the recent past, this mindset of use began to feel more and more elitist. Why can’t the Salon be used for a traditional piano recital as well as for a Hip Hop performance? What happens when Social Practice Master’s students want to host a tea and that tea is purple? How to activate the Salon in ways that all will feel welcome – from those who embrace its traditional aesthetic to those who rage against it – were explored more fully this academic year. Part of that journey involved a vibration study embarked upon to set decibel levels that led to the discovery of lingering dampness in one wall as well as the creation of User Guidelines that we realized needed to include the line: “Performance art pieces that use bodily liquids and/or additional organic materials or live animals must be approved by the Exhibition & Performance Associate and Corcoran’s Conservator, Mary Coughlin.” The quest to improve both preservation and access and the hurdles, both anticipated and unforeseen, that have arisen will be addressed.

Authors
avatar for Mary Coughlin

Mary Coughlin

Associate Professor, George Washington University
Mary Coughlin is an Associate Professor in Museum Studies at The George Washington University in Washington, DC where she has taught preventive conservation in- person and online since 2006. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Historic Preservation from Mary Washington College and... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Mary Coughlin

Mary Coughlin

Associate Professor, George Washington University
Mary Coughlin is an Associate Professor in Museum Studies at The George Washington University in Washington, DC where she has taught preventive conservation in- person and online since 2006. She earned her Bachelor of Arts in Historic Preservation from Mary Washington College and... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:20pm - 4:40pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Architecture) Them's the Breaks: Managing Conservation Through Construction
A mural on a Modernist icon, a landmarked Beaux Arts interior atrium, a Broadway theater: these sites seem to have little in common beyond their historical and architectural significance, but for a conservator developing a work program and monitoring them through construction they represent the same cautionary tale of the need for planning and coordination between disciplines. But even with extensive preparation, there are always surprises or mishaps along the way that must be addressed.

Documentation, materials testing, and probes are the foundation upon which architectural conservation is built, but when the information this testing provides doesn't tell the whole story the entire project can suffer. Architects, contractors, and owners rely on the results of conservation testing to plan their projects and entire design concepts are guided by the early findings from small-scale analysis. Limited by access, schedule, or budget, this testing may not be comprehensive enough and may not represent all conditions in the field. Conservators need to anticipate that additional access later in the construction process will uncover new challenges, illuminate discrepancies between record drawings and as-built conditions, or reveal previously unknown materials.

A conservator likes to work under controlled circumstances, but an active construction site is usually anything but orderly, even with the best construction manager. Whether the scope consists of a single element or an entire complex, the people working on a jobsite will have an impact on the work – sometimes literally as with an unsecured tool falling through a gap in protection netting. Even with years spent developing a comprehensive plan, something will inevitably go wrong and a solution will be needed to fix it… fast.

Using three case studies: a Louis Kahn Bath House mural, an ornate courthouse lobby, and a New York theater, this presentation focuses on how the conservator can and should be involved in the planning, monitoring, and execution of work not only at the beginning, but also throughout the construction process. It investigates how a limited conservation scope at the beginning of a project can have an outsize impact when new information is discovered later. and it discusses how to develop and reinforce relationships with trades, owners, and other partners who may not have a background in conservation or preservation to ensure buy-in, especially when that has an impact on budget and schedule.

Authors
avatar for Jennifer Kearney

Jennifer Kearney

Associate, Senior Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation
Jennifer Kearney is an Associate and Senior Conservator at Jablonski Building Conservation and has been with the firm since 2005. Jennifer has worked extensively with architectural finishes including tile restoration, finishes investigations, and plaster restoration. As a conservator... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Jennifer Kearney

Jennifer Kearney

Associate, Senior Conservator, Jablonski Building Conservation
Jennifer Kearney is an Associate and Senior Conservator at Jablonski Building Conservation and has been with the firm since 2005. Jennifer has worked extensively with architectural finishes including tile restoration, finishes investigations, and plaster restoration. As a conservator... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Book & Paper) Will The Circle Be Unbroken?: A Case Study in Addressing Acceptable Loss, Historic Conservation Techniques, and Project Burn Out on a 1732-1796 South Carolinian Church Register
Often in a professional conservation setting we are open about discussing the things we can or can’t do but are less forthcoming about the grey areas—the shoulds, the ifs, the maybes, the things we intuit about an object that are based in experience but are hard to explain or quantify. What is it that pushes us over the edge to take on a risky treatment that is outside of our normal comfort zone? Or a treatment that another conservator has perhaps stepped back from due to the degree of difficulty? Is it hubris or is it something that the object is telling us that lets us know in our gut that we can make a positive change—that we can make an inaccessible object accessible if we are willing to establish and hold the line on a degree of acceptable loss? In treating the 18th century register for the Independent Circular Congregational Church, the senior book and paper conservators took on the daunting task of addressing 250+ leaves that had gone through a previous WPA-era conservation treatment and a partial attempted treatment from 2009. The deterioration of the paper and iron gall ink, crumbling silk linings, and a failed binding had rendered the object completely unusable. However, as it was the record of one of the oldest continuously worshipping congregations in the South and a National Historic Landmark, the information contained within was of great importance to the state historical society and they wanted it to be able to be read beyond the first few pages.

It was obvious on examination that this piece would stretch the limits of what we normally consider to be an acceptable level of loss, and also, possibly, the skills of the individuals who undertook the treatment. The senior conservators worked to create a flexible treatment plan to stabilize the leaves that addressed the previous treatments and allowed the conservators to support each other both technically and emotionally to avoid project burnout. Dividing the work, creating check points, and working with the imaging department to create a high-resolution digital record prior to starting work were all key in ensuring that the object was treated in a manner that limited the loss of media, paper and information. While these are all things that we do instinctively once we get to a certain point in our careers, this project threw these techniques into sharp relief, forcing a reassessment of treatment biases, technical skills, and of the purpose and limits of conservation treatment at this moment in history.

Authors
avatar for Kathryn Boodle

Kathryn Boodle

Senior Conservator, Northeast Document Conservation Center
Kathryn Boodle is a Senior Conservator with the Northeast Document Conservation Center where she has worked since 2015 and a Professional Associate of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). She has studied and worked in the conservation field... Read More →
avatar for Jessica H. Henze

Jessica H. Henze

Senior Book Conservator, Northeast Document Conservation Center
Jessica Henze is a Senior Book Conservator with the Northeast Document Conservation Center. She first came to NEDCC as a summer intern in 2005. She also served as an intern in book conservation at the Carolina Rediviva Library at the University of Uppsala, Sweden in 2006. Since joining... Read More →
AJ

Audrey Jawando

Assistant Book Conservator, Northeast Document Conservation Center
Audrey Jawando has worked in the field of paper and book conservation since 2000. She has a BA in Art History from Stanford University and earned a diploma in Bookbinding from North Bennet Street School. She worked as a conservation technician and archives assistant for the Frederick... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Jessica H. Henze

Jessica H. Henze

Senior Book Conservator, Northeast Document Conservation Center
Jessica Henze is a Senior Book Conservator with the Northeast Document Conservation Center. She first came to NEDCC as a summer intern in 2005. She also served as an intern in book conservation at the Carolina Rediviva Library at the University of Uppsala, Sweden in 2006. Since joining... Read More →
avatar for Kathryn Boodle

Kathryn Boodle

Senior Conservator, Northeast Document Conservation Center
Kathryn Boodle is a Senior Conservator with the Northeast Document Conservation Center where she has worked since 2015 and a Professional Associate of the American Institute for Conservation of Historic and Artistic Works (AIC). She has studied and worked in the conservation field... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) A Framework for Sustainable Courier Practices: Developing a Bookend Courier Workshop and Network

Couriers are a vital part of the cultural heritage ecosystem, ensuring the safe movement and installation of artworks across multiple locations. The additional skills and experience conservators bring to the courier role tangibly benefit the lender, borrower, and cultural heritage object. From a business perspective, adding this service offering provides the conservator with an additional income stream and can be a valuable tool for expanding their network. The Bookend Courier Model, a form of contract or third-party courier, is particularly relevant in the light of the global climate crisis as it significantly reduces the environmental impact of loans.
Recent research suggests that lenders are reluctant to use contract couriers because it is difficult to find trusted people to fill the role. In seeking a way to overcome this issue, the authors have identified three primary barriers to finding a suitable bookend courier: a scarcity of training opportunities for private practice conservators, a lack of recognition that private practice conservators can serve as independent couriers, and the unreliability of personal networks in a desired geographic region.
This talk will focus on addressing training opportunities and highlighting this service offering by private practices. The authors will discuss a workshop they have developed based on internationally accepted registrarial standards to train independent conservators to successfully act as contract couriers and integrate this service into their business model. Concurrently, the authors have been raising awareness of the Bookend Courier Model through presentations to allied professionals. To further support both conservators who would like to offer this service and those looking for trusted professionals to serve in that role, the authors are working on the development of a Collections Courier Network (discussed during the Toward Art in Transit 2.0 symposium). The network will address the need for a database of collections care professionals who can serve as independent couriers.

Authors
avatar for Lauren Fly

Lauren Fly

Conservator and Collections Manager, Fly Arts Initiative
Lauren Fly is the founder of the Fly Arts Initiative, a fine art conservation and collections management practice based in New York City. After training at New York University’s Institute of Fine Arts’ Conservation Center, she completed her postgraduate work in the Conservation... Read More →
avatar for Samantha Springer

Samantha Springer

Owner and Principal Conservator, Art Solutions Lab
Samantha Springer established Art Solutions Lab in 2020 in the Portland, Oregon area to provide preventive care and treatment services to regional arts and culture organizations, artists, and private collectors. Her practice grows from her MS attained at the Winterthur/University... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Lauren Fly

Lauren Fly

Conservator and Collections Manager, Fly Arts Initiative
Lauren Fly is the founder of the Fly Arts Initiative, a fine art conservation and collections management practice based in New York City. After training at New York University’s Institute of Fine Arts’ Conservation Center, she completed her postgraduate work in the Conservation... Read More →
avatar for Samantha Springer

Samantha Springer

Owner and Principal Conservator, Art Solutions Lab
Samantha Springer established Art Solutions Lab in 2020 in the Portland, Oregon area to provide preventive care and treatment services to regional arts and culture organizations, artists, and private collectors. Her practice grows from her MS attained at the Winterthur/University... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Objects) Behind the Scenes with Joe Kubert, Comic Book Legend (and Tape Enthusiast): Conserving and Displaying an Artist's Desk
Joe Kubert was a comic book artist legend, working famously for DC Comics creating Sgt. Rock and Hawkman, among others. His drafting desk was recently gifted to the Rochester Institute of Technology’s Cary Graphic Arts Center to be the center piece of the Cary Graphic Comic exhibit. Before it could be presented to the public the desk required undergoing some conservation treatment which required creative and collaborative process to solve its challenges. I am a book and paper conservator and initially asked to work on this project to find an unobtrusive solution to obscuring the prolific private contact information that covered the desk, without making it look like it was obviously redacted. As the project unfolded, much more needed to be done. Kubert’s desk required reattachment of handmade cardboard shelves that topped the desk all over. These were originally created and attached by various kinds of tape some of which had failed or were weakened These cardboard shelves also needed to bear weight as their contents had to be replaced. Their reattachment required creative use of linen tape, rare earth magnets, and adhesive combinations. Overarching all of this was the need to keep the aesthetic appearance as much as possible to 1) be as similar in appearance as when Kubert last used the desk and 2) the desk would be viewed closer than six feet within the exhibition space to minimize distractions. This project became a collaboration among myself, the curators, and other object conservators who assisted me in answering questions about the options and alternatives for the different challenges that came up along the way. This project was a joint effort between the Rochester Institute of Technology Cary Graphic Arts Center and myself, Heritage Conservation and Consulting.

Authors
avatar for Leah Humenuck

Leah Humenuck

PhD Candidate, Conservator, Heritage Conservation and Consulting
Leah Humenuck is a PhD candidate in Color Science at the Munsell Color Science Laboratory at Rochester Institute of Technology. Leah’s research interests are in imaging, reproduction, and lighting for cultural heritage. She is also a private book and paper conservator which allows... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Leah Humenuck

Leah Humenuck

PhD Candidate, Conservator, Heritage Conservation and Consulting
Leah Humenuck is a PhD candidate in Color Science at the Munsell Color Science Laboratory at Rochester Institute of Technology. Leah’s research interests are in imaging, reproduction, and lighting for cultural heritage. She is also a private book and paper conservator which allows... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Paintings) While Angels Watched; Restoration of Thomas Cole's Monumental Painting, The Angel Appearing To The Shepherds
While Angels Watched

In February 2022, conservators at the Chrysler Museum began examining and treating Thomas Cole’s monumental, 8’ x 16’ painting, The Angel Appearing to the Shepherds, painted in 1834. This treatment was carried out while it remained on view in the American art gallery. Visitors were welcome to watch and ask questions to learn more about conservation, the artist, and 19th-c painting practices.

Thomas Cole was a well-known landscape painter and founder of the New York City-based group of landscapists, the Hudson River School. The Angel Appearing to the Shepherds is Cole's largest canvas-it measures more than eight by fifteen feet-and one of his earliest and most ambitious attempts at historical landscape painting. Though it was completed in just a few short months, he began planning and sketching three years prior during his first trip to Europe.

Shortly after its completion, the mural hung in the Boston Athenaeum. When the building caught fire in 1889, the canvas was taken off the stretcher and rolled without any additional solid support and put into storage, where it remained for decades. A photograph, taken in 1948 when the painting was briefly unrolled, showed the extensive tears, creases, and widespread paint loss incurred in storage. When the painting was restored in the 1970s, the canvas was wax-lined to a new, heavyweight fabric and the losses were filled and retouched.

Although the structural work from the earlier restoration remained stable. The painting was selected for treatment because the synthetic coating applied in the 1970’s had yellowed and darkened significantly and the retouching no longer matched. Many of the details of the composition were obscured. The challenge being that it is not only one of the largest paintings in the collection but also the most badly damaged, which would become apparent as the treatment proceeded.

Conservators thoroughly examined and documented the painting to better understand the materials used by the artist and how it was painted. Technical examination included cross sectional analysis, ultraviolet, infrared and X-ray florescence. This provided valuable insights into the condition and structure of the paint layers and revealed the artist’s compositional changes.

After extensive testing less toxic solvents were chosen to remove the discolored coatings and retouching. A layer of B72 acrylic resin varnish in Shellsol A100 was applied to the surface by brush. Losses were filled with a wax resin material which could be embossed with canvas texture using heated spatulas and silicone molds. Final retouching was carried out with Gamblin aldehyde paints.

Although it was a huge undertaking, requiring hundreds of hours, the results were quite rewarding. The collaboration between our team of conservators proved effective at problem solving throughout every step of the process. Interacting with the public gave us the opportunity to share our work and to engage with visitors in a direct and meaningful way.

Authors
avatar for Marla Curtis

Marla Curtis

Senior Paintings Conservator and Owner, Curtis Fine Art Conservation, LLC
Marla Curtis is the Senior Paintings Conservator at Curtis Fine Art Conservation. She is a graduate of the SUNY Buffalo Program in Art Conservation.
CV

Catalina Vasquez- Kennedy

Conservator, Chrysler Museum of Art
Catalina is a paintings conservator in private practice in Denver Colorado. She is a graduate of the SUNY Buffalo Program in Art Conservation and a former NEH conservation fellow at the Chrysler Museum.
avatar for Mark Lewis

Mark Lewis

Conservator, Chrysler Museum of Art
Chrysler Museum Chief Conservator, Mark LewisMark Lewis has been the painting conservator at the Chrysler Museum of Art since 2001. Originally from California, where he earned his BA in studio art and art history. He holds an MS in Art Conservation from the University of Delaware-Winterthur... Read More →
JM

Jennifer Myers

Student, WCCFA
Jennifer Myers is the paintings conservator at the Western Center for the Conservation of Fine Arts. She holds an MS in art conservation from the Winterthur -University of Delaware Program. She was formerly the NEH conservation fellow at the Chrysler Museum.
avatar for Katelyn Rovito

Katelyn Rovito

Assistant Paintings Conservator, Flux Art Conservation
Katie joined Flux Art Conservation as a paintings conservator in September 2023 after completing a post-graduate fellowship in paintings conservation at the Chrysler Museum of Art. In her previous work for both private practices and institutions, Katie built a diverse portfolio treating... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Mark Lewis

Mark Lewis

Conservator, Chrysler Museum of Art
Chrysler Museum Chief Conservator, Mark LewisMark Lewis has been the painting conservator at the Chrysler Museum of Art since 2001. Originally from California, where he earned his BA in studio art and art history. He holds an MS in Art Conservation from the University of Delaware-Winterthur... Read More →
avatar for Marla Curtis

Marla Curtis

Senior Paintings Conservator and Owner, Curtis Fine Art Conservation, LLC
Marla Curtis is the Senior Paintings Conservator at Curtis Fine Art Conservation. She is a graduate of the SUNY Buffalo Program in Art Conservation.


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 255 BC (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) When the Pellicular Burlesque Turns into the Pellicular Nightmare
Doug Munson's colorful presentation and article, “The Pellicular Burlesque” first shared at the AIC PMG 1997 described the procedure performed on a cellulose acetate negative to lift the emulsion from the degrading plastic support. In the fall of 2022, I performed that well-known procedure, which unexpectedly became a nightmare as it irreparably damaged the negative I was attempting to treat.

This presentation is a post-mortem, reviewing the steps taken before, during, and after the procedure was carried out. Some hypotheses on why this treatment was unsuccessful in this case will be discussed, as well as reflections on the need for a more open dialogue about failures in the field.

There is currently no definitive conclusion as to why the emulsion was not entirely lifted from the support. However, I hope this presentation will be an opportunity to encourage fellow photo conservators to share their knowledge and experiences to complete and add to the body of knowledge on this specific topic and material.

Authors
avatar for Marie-lou Beauchamp

Marie-lou Beauchamp

Conservator, Archival and Photographs, Canadian Conservation Institute
Marie-Lou Beauchamp is the Conservator of Photographic Materials and Archival Documents at the Canadian Conservation Institute in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. She holds a B.A. in Art History from the University du Québec a Montréal and a Master of Art Conservation with a specialization... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Marie-lou Beauchamp

Marie-lou Beauchamp

Conservator, Archival and Photographs, Canadian Conservation Institute
Marie-Lou Beauchamp is the Conservator of Photographic Materials and Archival Documents at the Canadian Conservation Institute in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. She holds a B.A. in Art History from the University du Québec a Montréal and a Master of Art Conservation with a specialization... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) Novel Non-Invasive Method for Extracting Proteinaceous Binders from Panel Paintings
A new method for non-invasive extraction of protein binders in plate paintings using high acyl (HA) gellan gum is proposed, which solves the limitations of previous non-invasive extraction methods that mainly target the shallow surface of cultural relics and are susceptible to environmental pollution. The extraction effects of different gums on protein binders in simulated panel paintings were compared and characterized in terms of extracted protein concentration, macroscopic and microscopic appearance, color difference, pH and contact angle. Then, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was performed to analyze the extraction mechanism. on this basis, the non-invasive extraction of plate paintings containing different types and concentrations of protein binders using HA gellan gum was explored. The results showed that neither HA nor LA gellan gum significantly affected the surface color, pH value, contact angle and visual appearance of the paint layer. The concentration of the protein solution extracted by HA gellan gum is 2.4 times higher than that of LA gellan gum, and the possibility of gel residue is less. In addition, HA gellan gum showed good extraction effects on different types and concentrations of protein binders. Therefore, it is expected to become an effective method for non-invasive extraction of proteins from painted cultural relics. HA gellan gum shows good extraction effects on different types and concentrations of protein binders. Therefore, it is expected to become an effective method for non-invasive extraction of proteins from painted cultural relics. HA gellan gum shows good extraction effects on different types and concentrations of protein binders. Therefore, it is expected to become an effective method for non-invasive extraction of proteins from painted cultural relics.

Authors
JD

Jin Dong

PhD Student, Xiamen University
Jin Dong is a current doctoral student at Xiamen University, specializing in the field of cultural heritage conservation. She has made significant contributions to her research, having published several papers as the first author in prestigious journals such as "Journal of Cultural... Read More →
avatar for Zhanyun Zhu

Zhanyun Zhu

Professorial Research Fellow, Associate Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, Xiamen University
Prof. Dr. Zhanyun Zhu is a Professorial Research Fellow, Associate Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, Deputy Director of Joint Research Center for Revolutionary Cultural Relics, and Director of Conservation Science Laboratory at Xiamen University, as well as Visiting Scholar at The University... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Zhanyun Zhu

Zhanyun Zhu

Professorial Research Fellow, Associate Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, Xiamen University
Prof. Dr. Zhanyun Zhu is a Professorial Research Fellow, Associate Professor, Doctoral Supervisor, Deputy Director of Joint Research Center for Revolutionary Cultural Relics, and Director of Conservation Science Laboratory at Xiamen University, as well as Visiting Scholar at The University... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Textiles) Tradition and Innovation: Evaluating Conservation Treatments for a Buddhist Embroidery Mounted as a Hanging Scroll
This talk will focus on extensive testing undertaken to find a way to stabilize significant damage while maintaining the traditional hanging scroll format of a rare example of Japanese Buddhist embroidery in the Cleveland Museum of Art (CMA). Shūbutsu, or Japanese Buddhist embroideries, are a very important form of religious expression popular in the Kamakura (1185-1333) and Muromachi (1392–1573) periods. Even within Japan, embroidered Buddhist icons are relatively rare (around 150) and there are very few examples in North America. Their rarity and their classification as a “craft” has resulted in very little research being published until recently and most of it written in Japanese.

The CMA has one example of shūbutsu, Embroidered Welcoming Descent of the Amida Triad (1966.513), from the Muromachi period (1400’s) that is in very fragile condition. Composed of two layers of silk, silk embroidery floss, and human hair, the piece is mounted in a traditional hanging scroll format. Due to the nature of silk, embroidery, and the action of rolling and unrolling the scroll the silk substrate and the embroidery have become fractured, leading to significant silk delamination and frayed silk embroidery floss with numerous losses. While these conditions necessitated treatment to stabilize the embroidery, it was important to the Curator that every attempt be made to maintain the hanging scroll format.

Because of the lack of published research and treatment experience outside of Japan it was decided to test possible treatment methods first. Six embroidery samples were created and artificially aged to mimic the characteristics of the Welcoming Descent of Amida Triad embroidery. Each sample was treated with a different method, varying from the traditional approach used in Japan similar to remounting a painting on silk to a conservative textile conservation approach using a crepeline overlay, with combinations of traditional and textile approaches in between. While none of these treatment tests were ultimately successful, they did reveal issues and flaws with certain methods while the semi-successful treatment methods offered some promise and guidance for further testing in the future. It is our hope that sharing these tests will promote discussion and solicit feedback on ways to move forward.

Authors
avatar for Sara Ribbans

Sara Ribbans

Conservator of Asian Paintings, Cleveland Museum of Art
Sara Ribbans is Conservator of Asian Paintings at the Cleveland Museum of Art, concentrating on Japanese and Korean paintings. Prior to working at the CMA she was an apprentice at Tominaga Beizandou in Kumamoto, Japan, before becoming a conservator at Usami Shokakudo Company Ltd... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Sara Ribbans

Sara Ribbans

Conservator of Asian Paintings, Cleveland Museum of Art
Sara Ribbans is Conservator of Asian Paintings at the Cleveland Museum of Art, concentrating on Japanese and Korean paintings. Prior to working at the CMA she was an apprentice at Tominaga Beizandou in Kumamoto, Japan, before becoming a conservator at Usami Shokakudo Company Ltd... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 255 A (Salt Palace)

4:30pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts) The Dahshur Boat of Senwosret III: An Analytical Study of a 4,000-Year-Old Wooden Boat
The Dahshur Boat at Carnegie Museum of Natural History in Pittsburgh, PA is one of only four preserved in museum collections today. These boats were built from cedar wood and originally constructed for use in association with the pyramid complex of the 12th Dynasty pharaoh Senwosret III. The boat measures some 9.2 meters in length and is comprised of a total of 27 hull planks and 46 deck planks. It was originally excavated by French archaeologist Jacques De Morgan in 1894 and purchased for the museum in 1901. The boat was housed off site for five years while construction on the museum was completed. It was installed in 1905 and remained on view until 1976, when it was disassembled and put into storage. In the late 1980s the boat was studied and prepared once again for exhibition, where it remained until 2022.

In 2022 after a major leak in the museum’s roof, the boat was deinstalled for its own protection. It suffered water damage, with some of the hull and deck planks warping, cracking, and staining. Previous deterioration includes brown rot (microbial attack) and soluble and insoluble salts which covered most of wooden surface. Most concerning is the surface abrasion and graffiti dating to the 20 years (1956-1976) when the boat was on open display. During that time, the wood was treated with an unknown wood preservation product called “Wife’s Pride,” which has caused staining on the surface of the wood and increased the fragility of the wood fibers.

This paper details the work of the museum’s conservation team to analyze the impact of the leak and the previous wear and tear sustained from years of display. It includes an overview of the current treatment plan and an evaluation of preliminary research conducted in 2022 prior to and just after the deinstallation of the boat. The proposed treatment plan includes photography, architectural documentation, assessment survey, and scientific analysis using XRD, XRF, FTIR, and SEM. In addition, multispectral imaging will help to expand the results of the 1989 and 2017 searches for pigment remains. The goal of this paper is to present the team’s initial findings and obtain feedback on the proposed treatment plan.

Authors
avatar for Gretchen Anderson

Gretchen Anderson

Conservator, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
Gretchen E. Anderson has been the conservator at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History (CM) since 2009, where she is responsible for the care of 22 million natural history specimens and objects. Prior to that she was the conservator at the Science Museum of Minnesota for 30 years... Read More →
LH

Lisa Haney

Assistant Curator, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
avatar for Mostafa Sherif

Mostafa Sherif

Associate Conservator, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
I obtained a Master degree in conservation of wood in 2011, and PhD in structural conservation of wood in 2016 from Conservation dept., faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.I have 20 years experience in conservation of heritage buildings and museum collections; I participated... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Gretchen Anderson

Gretchen Anderson

Conservator, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
Gretchen E. Anderson has been the conservator at the Carnegie Museum of Natural History (CM) since 2009, where she is responsible for the care of 22 million natural history specimens and objects. Prior to that she was the conservator at the Science Museum of Minnesota for 30 years... Read More →
avatar for Mostafa Sherif

Mostafa Sherif

Associate Conservator, Carnegie Museum of Natural History
I obtained a Master degree in conservation of wood in 2011, and PhD in structural conservation of wood in 2016 from Conservation dept., faculty of Archaeology, Cairo University.I have 20 years experience in conservation of heritage buildings and museum collections; I participated... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:30pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

4:40pm MDT

(Preventive Care) Traditional Methods of Caring for Cultural Heritage, Reimagined: A Look at Preventive Care in Rajasthan, India
The word traditional implies immutable, unbroken, or even stagnant. However, traditional methods of caring for cultural heritage can instead be culturally conscious, sustainable, and practical. The practice of using naturally insect-repellent plants to preserve cultural material was not developed for the Conservation of museum collections, but rather to care for items of personal value. Plants that naturally kill or repel insects, or botanical pesticides, have been used by communities throughout the world for centuries to protect valued belongings, including cultural items, from insect damage. Time-tested tools for pest management that utilize locally available plants are part of the shared, intergenerational wisdom, or traditional knowledge, of communities. Traditional knowledge is not static, but ever-evolving as new observations are made and stewards respond to changes in the environment, its resources, and adapt their knowledge to suit evolving needs. One recent adaptation of traditional pest management practices is their application in the preventive care of museum collections. Today, staff at museums in India have adapted the traditional practice of storing dried neem leaves with cultural items, primarily textiles, to keep insects that can feed on these materials safely at bay.

This presentation will describe the traditional methods of pest management that are presently used at museums in Rajasthan, a state in Northwest India, with particular focus on neem. The neem tree (Azadirachta indica) is indigenous to the Indian subcontinent, where its pesticidal properties have been understood and utilized for centuries. All parts of the neem tree contain the active ingredient Azadirachtin, a limonoid or antifeedant and insect growth regulator. Unlike other botanical pesticides that are used in pest management, neem leaves are collected from abundant local trees and prepared on-site to be stored with collections, a process that requires no purchasing, packaging, transportation, or energy-consumptive preparation, making it a sustainable and resource-efficient pest management tool. Conversations with staff at museums in India in January and February 2023 informed further research about the effectiveness of neem on museum pests and the effects of neem on collections, including experiments to assess how exposure to neem affects the eating habits of Varied Carpet Beetles, Oddy Testing, and artificial aging experiments.

This research is a direct response to the need for increased accessibility and sustainable practice in Conservation that can be met by promoting preventive care and giving due consideration to traditional methods of caring for cultural heritage. Looking to traditional knowledge for pest management strategies that are locally available and culturally relevant meets the needs of stewards and contributes to a shift in the field of Conservation toward more inclusive and sustainable practice.

Authors
avatar for Elizabeth Salmon

Elizabeth Salmon

PhD Candidate/Preventive Conservator, UCLA/Balboa Art Conservation Center
Elizabeth Salmon is a PhD Candidate in Conservation of Material Culture at the UCLA Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage and a Preventive Conservator at the Balboa Art Conservation Center. Her doctoral research looks to traditional knowledge for preventive... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Elizabeth Salmon

Elizabeth Salmon

PhD Candidate/Preventive Conservator, UCLA/Balboa Art Conservation Center
Elizabeth Salmon is a PhD Candidate in Conservation of Material Culture at the UCLA Interdepartmental Program in the Conservation of Cultural Heritage and a Preventive Conservator at the Balboa Art Conservation Center. Her doctoral research looks to traditional knowledge for preventive... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 4:40pm - 5:00pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies and Poster) Developing Genomic Tools to Determine the Maker of a Modern Gofun Paint Preparation
Genomics can offer unique perspectives into the creation and history of cultural heritage objects. The possibility of learning more about the makers of objects through genomics is tantalizing: there are examples where an artisan’s intimate contact with the manufacturing of art materials suggest that genetic information may survive. Gofun, a calcium carbonate pigment commonly found in traditional Japanese paintings, is one of these examples, and this abstract describes our attempts to isolate the genetic information of the maker from a modern preparation. The paint is prepared from gofun powder, which is made by an intensive pulverization of air-dried oyster shells and kneaded by the artist or their assistant with an animal binding glue. A small amount of water is added before application to a textile or paper support. The paste is kneaded by hand for at least an hour, thus increasing the opportunity for cell-free DNA from the artisan’s hands, including the artisan’s own DNA, to become incorporated into the paint. This phenomenon sparks intriguing questions about what information genomic tools can provide about the history of a painting such as: Who prepared the paint? Could that correlate to the attribution? Does attribution require a combination of human and microorganism genetic information? What microorganisms and organic materials were the painting exposed to, and how might that impact conservation treatment?

This project, representing a novel collaboration between the Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Mason Laboratory of Weill Cornell Medicine, explores the extent to which these questions can be answered using the smallest paint sample possible. As sample size is the limiting factor for most art analysis, especially Asian art, which typically is painted in very thin layers, the following work describes what might be possible on milligram sample sizes with the hope that miniaturization could be achieved. A modern gofun paint mockup, prepared by a Met conservator, served as our paint source. A protocol optimized for highly-fragmented DNA from calcium-based sources was implemented on four samples, ranging between 0.5 - 2 mg of paint. We selected a protocol that was sensitive to small fragments of DNA as the paint source was exposed over time to light, water, and enzymes that digest DNA, all of which drive DNA degradation reactions. Moreover, calcium ions from the gofun interfere with extraction by tightly binding to DNA, so a protocol that sequesters calcium was essential for DNA recovery. As the extraction yield was too low for detection, we amplified the extracted DNA to reach the minimum concentration required for sequencing. Fluorometry and automated electrophoresis following amplification support the presence of DNA in the paint samples. Moreover, software tools for organism identification reveal the presence of human, bovine, and mollusk DNA, among other species, suggesting the power of genomic tools for material verification. Genomic isolation and analysis from smaller-sized samples of gofun may be possible; however, challenges remain. Repetitive amplification of the sample can create byproducts that interact with other samples run on the same instrument, leading to crosstalk between samples. This can result in the false identification of unexpected species found in other samples. Future studies will probe into better addressing these issues.

Authors
AA

Ann-Marie Abunyewa

Student, Yale University, Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry
Ann-Marie Abunyewa is a senior in Yale College studying Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry. She started her research exploring how ancient DNA techniques can be integrated to further elucidate the stories behind artworks and cultural heritage objects in the Miranker Laboratory... Read More →
avatar for Julie Arslanoglu

Julie Arslanoglu

Research Scientist, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of Scientific Research
Julie Arslanoglu is a Research Scientist in the Department of Scientific Research at The Metropolitan Museum of Art. She investigates the identification, interaction, and degradation of natural and synthetic organic materials including paints, coatings, and adhesives, using mass-spectrometric... Read More →
CM

Christopher Mason

Microbes, Weill Cornell Medicine, Department of Physiology and Biophysics
Christopher E. Mason is a professor of Genomics, Physiology, and Biophysics at Weill Cornell Medicine and is one of the founding Directors of the WorldQuant Initiative for Quantitative Prediction. He completed his undergraduate degree in genetics and biochemistry from the University... Read More →
JP

Jennifer Perry

Conservator, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of Asian Art
Jennifer Perry, Mary and James Wallach Family Conservator of Japanese Art, joined the Metropolitan Museum of Art in 2010 to oversee treatment and preservation of the Japanese paintings collections. After completing an MA in art history and an advanced certificate in conservation at... Read More →

Speakers
AA

Ann-Marie Abunyewa

Student, Yale University, Department of Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry
Ann-Marie Abunyewa is a senior in Yale College studying Molecular Biophysics and Biochemistry. She started her research exploring how ancient DNA techniques can be integrated to further elucidate the stories behind artworks and cultural heritage objects in the Miranker Laboratory... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:15pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Preventive Care and Poster) Street v. Art: A Case Study of Mold Remediation and Community Participation at the George Floyd Global Memorial
How does the community setting impact the conservation process? Thanks to funding for a research project during my 1-year National Endowment for the Arts Fellowship in the Book Department at the Conservation Center for Art and Historic Artifacts I was able to spend a week on site at George Floyd Global Memorial where I remediated mold on over 100 offerings, attended and spoke at the Rise and Remember Conference, and participated in other events for the Rise and Remember Celebration. This work presents the mold remediation process used and summarizes the creation of a quick reference guide for mold remediation for works similar to protest art. Next, the poster explores how the conservation process is adapted to the community setting by considering factors like limited access to resources, work space availability, and the necessity of relationship building. Finally, the poster begins to define the term “street conservation” and discuss its similarities and differences from “art conservation”.

Authors
avatar for Nylah Byrd

Nylah Byrd

Assistant Conservator of Objects and Program Assistant, Balboa Art Conservation Center (BACC
Nylah received her B.A. with Honors in Archaeology from Stanford University in 2018 and my M.S. in Art Conservation from the Winterthur/ University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2022. She is a Core Group co-chair of the AIC Ethics Core Documents Revision Task Force and... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Nylah Byrd

Nylah Byrd

Assistant Conservator of Objects and Program Assistant, Balboa Art Conservation Center (BACC
Nylah received her B.A. with Honors in Archaeology from Stanford University in 2018 and my M.S. in Art Conservation from the Winterthur/ University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2022. She is a Core Group co-chair of the AIC Ethics Core Documents Revision Task Force and... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:20pm MDT
Room 355 C (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Architecture) From the Ground Up: Revisiting San Xavier’s Main Cupola 29 Years Later
In the spring of 2023, a team of local conservators and outside technicians performed conservation and stabilization work in the main cupola of San Xavier del Bac for the first time in 29 years.

San Xavier’s spectacular baroque interior and ambitious dome and vault construction make it a premier example of Spanish Colonial art and architecture. Its interior walls are adorned with polychromatic murals dating to 1797, executed in fine detail and applied a secco atop a gesso preparation layer, layers of lime-sand plaster of varying granulometry and thickness, and a brick support. Paints were made with imported pigments including vermillion, prussian blue, and orpiment–a significant expenditure for a church at the frontier of the Pimeria Alta in the late 18th century; Rutherford Gettens looked at some of these paints. San Xavier del Bac exists within a unique contemporary cultural context: it is an active church, owned by the parish and staffed by the Franciscan Friars, located within the tribal community of Wa:k in the San Xavier District of the Tohono O’odham Nation. Church management handles day-to-day operations, while conservation and preservation activities are funded and coordinated by the nonsectarian nonprofit Patronato San Xavier. Within the tribal community, there is a strong sense of cultural ownership; tribal members are appointed as church bell ringers, comprise Feast Committees, and take on other roles related to the church.

The first major conservation campaign took place between 1990 and 1997 by European and East Coast-based conservators, who cleaned and stabilized the wall paintings and statuary using modern methods and materials of the time. Four apprentices from the local tribal community were trained to assist. Since then, a local team, two of whom were part of the 1990s crew, have directed conservation work. Informed by decades of observation of the building’s unique conditions, they refocused conservation protocols on the use of traditional materials and methods. Given the complex nature of the building along with its role as an active church, performing routine, sustainable care is an ongoing challenge, but one now directed with input from the local community.

This session will recount the collaborative process along with the means and methods used while revisiting the main cupola, which sits 53 feet above the church floor. The cupola was identified as a priority given the presence of large cracks and crack systems, history of water infiltration, soiling, biodeterioration, aged original paint and coating, and aged restoration fills, all in a harsh desert with minimal preventive maintenance. The large scope of work–both surface and structural– accessibility challenges, and a desire to limit disruption of church functions led us to seek additional skilled hands to expedite the project. This time, our local team trained and oversaw a group of outside technicians, students, and skilled volunteers to complete the work, all of whom were unfamiliar with the specifics of the site. Progress was shared with more than 100 members from the tribal and religious community through a series of tours and discussions.

Authors
avatar for Starr Herr-Cardillo

Starr Herr-Cardillo

Conservation Project Manager, Patronato San Xavier
Starr Herr-Cardillo is the Conservation Project Manager with Patronato San Xavier. In her role, she helps with large-scale planning, prioritization, coordination and execution of conservation activities across the mission campus. Starr holds an M.S. in Historic Preservation from the... Read More →
avatar for Timothy L. Lewis

Timothy L. Lewis

Lead Conservator, Tohono Restoration
TIMOTHY LEWIS has been working in conservation since 1992, with a focus on mural paintings, oil paintings and polychromed sculptures, taking part in both national and international projects. He was part of the international restoration team for the conservation and restoration of... Read More →
SM

Susie Moreno

Preventive Conservation Technician, Patronato San Xavier
Susie Moreno is the Preventive Conservation Technician for Patronato San Xavier. Previously, she apprenticed for eight years under Lead Conservators Matilde Rubio and Tim Lewis at San Xavier Mission Church and at the Arizona State Museum assisting with numerous projects working on... Read More →
avatar for Dr. Nancy Odegaard

Dr. Nancy Odegaard

Conservator, Patronato San Xavier
Nancy is the Conservator Emerita at the Arizona State Museum on the campus of the University of Arizona in Tucson where she is also a Professor Emerita of Anthropology. Since 1983, she led the effort to preserve the collections of the museum through loans, exhibits, excavations, research... Read More →
avatar for Matilde Rubio

Matilde Rubio

Lead Conservator, Tohono Restoration
MATILDE RUBIO PA-AIC holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Fine Arts, specializing in Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art, from the Faculty of Santa Isabel de Hungría of the University of Seville, Spain (1981 – 86). Her main focus has been in mural paintings, oil paintings and... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Matilde Rubio

Matilde Rubio

Lead Conservator, Tohono Restoration
MATILDE RUBIO PA-AIC holds a Bachelor’s Degree in Fine Arts, specializing in Conservation and Restoration of Works of Art, from the Faculty of Santa Isabel de Hungría of the University of Seville, Spain (1981 – 86). Her main focus has been in mural paintings, oil paintings and... Read More →
avatar for Starr Herr-Cardillo

Starr Herr-Cardillo

Conservation Project Manager, Patronato San Xavier
Starr Herr-Cardillo is the Conservation Project Manager with Patronato San Xavier. In her role, she helps with large-scale planning, prioritization, coordination and execution of conservation activities across the mission campus. Starr holds an M.S. in Historic Preservation from the... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 255 F (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Book & Paper) A Medley of Map Treatments
A Medley of Map Treatments

As a busy regional lab specializing in paper, CCAHA paper conservators deal with a wide range of maps from a variety of clients. This talk will describe several recent innovative treatments addressing specific issues in maps that may have wider application to solve other challenging problems.

Case Study 1: A brittle and fragmented hand-drawn map lined on fabric, 1872. This map needed backing removal, washing, and relining, but the media was too soluble for normal washing and lining, while the paper was too fragmented to risk backing removal without immediate stabilization. The map was placed face-down, dry, on the suction table and the backing was removed mechanically, while the suction held the fragments in alignment. It was then lined with strips of a 5 gsm tengujo tissue pre-coated with Jin Shofu wheat starch paste, activated with a light mist. Once lined, the map could be handled safely to be placed face up to be washed on the suction table so that the soluble media could be monitored at all times. Significant discoloration reduction and physical stabilization was achieved without displacing the many loose fragments or affecting the media.

Case Study 2: Multiple 6 x 8 foot hand drawn maps, 1896. Seventy-one hand-drawn survey maps on single sheets of heavy, machine-made paper were lined on fabric and stored on rolls. Due to their size, the client requested stabilization and digitization, but they needed to remain on their (mostly intact) fabric linings and return to their rolled storage. The major issue was severe horizontal tenting that could not be addressed by standard washing, relining, and flattening. CCAHA conservators tested and perfected a system of local repairs to hold the tents flat to allow imaging capture of the information and prevent the ongoing cracking.

Case Study 3: Oversized varnished maps. The ongoing conversation on varnished maps has brought together conservators from across the country to share different approaches to remediating discolored varnish. Solvent removal of discolored varnish remains a common approach, however, this carries inherent health risks to the conservators. CCAHA has developed an easy, low-cost system to convert our fume hood into a “fume room” to keep staff safe when solvent treatments are too large to fit inside the fume hood. As time allows, I may include other tips on washing and relining fragmented cloth mounted wall maps.

Authors
avatar for Heather Hendry

Heather Hendry

Senior Paper Conservator, CCAHA
Heather Hendry is a Senior Paper Conservator at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic Artifacts (CCAHA). Prior to joining the Center, she worked as a conservator at the Weissman Preservation Center for Harvard University Libraries, the Yale Center for British Art, the Canadian... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Heather Hendry

Heather Hendry

Senior Paper Conservator, CCAHA
Heather Hendry is a Senior Paper Conservator at the Conservation Center for Art & Historic Artifacts (CCAHA). Prior to joining the Center, she worked as a conservator at the Weissman Preservation Center for Harvard University Libraries, the Yale Center for British Art, the Canadian... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 155 BC (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Contemporary Art, Private Practice) Expect the Unexpected: Navigating the Complexities of Government Bureaucracy in Conservation
The National Park Service (NPS) is responsible for the conservation, maintenance, and preservation of over 50 million artifacts, 36 million of which reside in the 82 Parks and Historic Sites that are part of the Northeast Region. The region’s area extends from Virginia to Maine and includes historic structures and collections that represent countless facets of American history. While conservation as a field is highly specialized, navigating the many rules and regulations surrounding government work and government contracting also requires a specialized skill set. This talk seeks to demystify some of the complexity surrounding federal work and to ensure that independent conservators are able to navigate the solicitation process.

The Historic Architecture, Conservation, and Engineering Center, based in Lowell, MA, is home to the regional conservation lab where conservators with a variety of specialties work on materials ranging from 15th century works on paper to 21st century bronze monuments. Even with a robust group of conservators carrying out both bench work and administrative work, the needs of the NPS collections easily outnumber the capacity for in-house work. As such, NPS often requires outside conservation assistance, most commonly when an unexpected or detrimental event occurs.

Working for and with the federal government to ensure that our nation’s cultural resources are “preserved unimpaired… for the enjoyment, education, and inspiration of this and future generations” in accordance with the NPS mission statement, is both a great challenge and a great responsibility, but can also be lucrative and professionally rewarding. Understanding the expectations of and requirements for government contracting enables both NPS and independent conservators to successfully work together to ensure that our nation’s historic artifacts are preserved and protected for generations to come.

Authors
avatar for Angela Campbell

Angela Campbell

Conservator, National Park Service
Angela Campbell is a Project Inspector, COR, and paper conservator for the Northeast Region of the National Park Service. She joined the National Park Service in 2017 after working in the Sherman Fairchild Center for Works on Paper and Photograph Conservation at the Metropolitan Museum... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Angela Campbell

Angela Campbell

Conservator, National Park Service
Angela Campbell is a Project Inspector, COR, and paper conservator for the Northeast Region of the National Park Service. She joined the National Park Service in 2017 after working in the Sherman Fairchild Center for Works on Paper and Photograph Conservation at the Metropolitan Museum... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 355 B (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Objects) On with Her Head: The Treatment and Technical Study of a Queen Elizabeth II Doll from the 1950s
In 1968, the Arizona State Museum (ASM) accessioned three dolls made in 1953 by Richard and Ilse Ottenberg. The dolls were made to commemorate the coronation of Queen Elizabeth II and include a Queen Elizabeth II doll and two Lady in Waiting dolls. The dolls were accepted during a period when the museum was building a global collection, but quickly became outliers in the ASM collections as the museum has since refined their mission to focus on Indigenous cultural materials of the southwest and northern Mexico. In 2022, the dolls were approved to be researched, treated, deaccessioned, and donated to a small, non-profit museum in Tucson.

The dolls were selected as a suitable technical study project given their little provenance, rarity, and how they represent an important form of craft not often discussed in conservation literature. Two other examples of Queen Elizabeth II Ottenberg dolls were found on auction websites, but no other examples of the Lady in Waiting dolls were located. As research progressed, it became evident that very little information about the Ottenbergs and their manufacture process was described in conservation or doll literature. Doll catalogues and auction sites classify the dolls as a composition material or a composite made of sawdust, glues, and other additives. However, analysis of the ASM’s Ottenberg dolls with Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Pyrolysis-Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy (PyGC-MS) suggested otherwise. FTIR indicated calcium carbonate or a likely filler. PyGC-MS revealed a monomer for either isoprene or 1,3-pentadiene—the former suggesting a natural rubber while the latter a synthetic rubber. Limonene, a solvent used during rubber-manufacture, was also present in the PyGC-MS spectrum. These findings could suggest a rubber-based material or a mixture with rubber present. Research and additional analysis to specify the exact type of rubber-based material is ongoing and speak to the realities of using instrumental analysis to characterize an aged material with many additives. While data interpretation and further scientific research is ongoing, information gathered from preliminary analysis guided the conservation treatment of the dolls.

All three dolls required stabilization before being deaccessioned and donated. The head of the Queen Elizabeth II doll was broken at the neck with the head entirely detached. Both left feet of the Lady in Waiting dolls were also detached at the ankles. Research into conservation-grade adhesives used on rubbers and subsequent testing was conducted following scientific analysis. This led to the selection of Jade R for reattaching all elements Reattaching the head of the Queen doll was complex due to the limited points of contact for adhesive application. A mechanical attachment was developed in conjunction with Jade R to secure the head of the doll. The conservation of the Ottenberg dolls resulted in the stabilization and visual integration of the dolls, which are now stable enough to enter the care of an institution without conservation expertise. Additionally, the information gathered from scientific analysis and ongoing research have contributed to a body of knowledge about doll manufacture and materials from the early 1950s.

Authors
CM

Catherine Matsen

Conservation Scientist and Affiliated Associate Professor, Winterthur Museum, Garden, and Library
Catherine Matsen has worked as a conservation scientist at Winterthur Museum’s Scientific Research and Analysis Laboratory (SRAL) since 2003. She has undertaken analysis on all types of decorative arts in the museum collection using the techniques of XRF, SEM-EDS, FTIR, Raman, XRD... Read More →
avatar for Alyssa Rina

Alyssa Rina

Objects Conservator, Western Archeological and Conservation Center
Alyssa Rina (she/her) is a Tucson-based Objects Conservator currently working at the Western Archeological and Conservation Center. She received her Master of Science in Art Conservation from Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2023. Before her graduate... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Alyssa Rina

Alyssa Rina

Objects Conservator, Western Archeological and Conservation Center
Alyssa Rina (she/her) is a Tucson-based Objects Conservator currently working at the Western Archeological and Conservation Center. She received her Master of Science in Art Conservation from Winterthur/University of Delaware Program in Art Conservation in 2023. Before her graduate... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 155 EF (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Photographic Materials) Tip Session

Learn from your peers in this Lighting Round Session
  • Zulema Paz. Library Thing as a simple solution for cataloging the conservation library.
  • Sarah Casto. Microsoft Forms and Google Sheets for Collections Assessment.
  • Zach Long. A brief overview of a treatment technique used to remove polyethylene adhered to the emulsions of fiber-based gelatin silver prints.
  • Barbara Lemmen. Flattening Gelatin Silver Photographs with a Dry Mounting Press: Refining a Protocol for Fiber-based Developed-out Paper Prints.

Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 255 E (Salt Palace)

5:00pm MDT

(Wooden Artifacts) Cutting Corners: Reframing 3D Technology in the Conservation of a 19th C. Gilded Frame
The utilization of 3D scanning and printing technology for loss compensation has been used in conservation for some years. However, it has largely been confined to larger institutions with substantial budgets, rendering it beyond the reach of the average conservation laboratory. Recent advancements in 3D scanning technology, driven by developments in the medical and gaming sectors, have resulted in more accessible and cost-effective solutions. This has opened up new possibilities for smaller conservation labs to harness the advantages of this time-saving technique.

This paper discusses the acquisition and evaluation of consumer-level handheld 3D scanners and a smartphone application in comparison to the conventional photogrammetry technique. The objective is to investigate the feasibility of incorporating these budget-friendly options into the toolkit of a conservation lab. Key parameters considered during the testing phase encompass cost-effectiveness, ease of operation, post-processing capabilities, and the accuracy of the resultant 3D scans.

To assess the practicality of these scanners, a 19th-century gilded compo dealer's frame from the Madison County Historical Society in Oneida, New York, was selected for treatment. The frame was in a state of disrepair, exhibiting substantial losses, particularly in the form of missing decorative compo elements, including all four corners. The selected 3D scanners were employed to capture the existing corners, and subsequently, these scans were amalgamated into a single, comprehensive model. This consolidated model served as the basis for 3D printing and molding processes, enabling the creation of compo fills to restore the frame to a whole state.

This research seeks to contribute valuable insights into the applicability of consumer-level 3D scanning technology in the realm of art conservation, particularly for conservators operating within constrained budgets. By focusing on the case of the gilded compo dealer's frame, this study examines the practicality, affordability, and effectiveness of these emerging technologies in facilitating the restoration and preservation of cultural heritage artifacts. The findings will inform conservation practices and potentially expand access to 3D scanning and printing resources within the broader community of conservation labs.

Authors
avatar for Elly Stewart Davis

Elly Stewart Davis

Graduate Fellow (Class of 2024), Garman Art Conservation Department at Buffalo State Universtiy
Elly is a third year graduate fellow at the Garman Art Conservation program at Buffalo State University majoring in objects conservation. She has held preprogram internships in the objects labs at the Gilcrease Museum of Art in Tulsa, the Clevland Museum of Art, and the Art Intitute... Read More →

Speakers
avatar for Elly Stewart Davis

Elly Stewart Davis

Graduate Fellow (Class of 2024), Garman Art Conservation Department at Buffalo State Universtiy
Elly is a third year graduate fellow at the Garman Art Conservation program at Buffalo State University majoring in objects conservation. She has held preprogram internships in the objects labs at the Gilcrease Museum of Art in Tulsa, the Clevland Museum of Art, and the Art Intitute... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:00pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 255 D (Salt Palace)

5:15pm MDT

(Research & Technical Studies) Art Bio Matters: A conversation and collaboration space for conservators, scientists and cultural historians interested in the biological materials of cultural heritage
Art Bio Matters (ABM) stands as a dynamic alliance of enthusiastic and curious curators/cultural historians, scientists, and conservators. Together, we combine diverse research methodologies, unique perspectives, and ambitious objectives in our pursuit of unraveling the mysteries within biological materials found in cultural heritage collections.

Your perspective is invaluable to us, whether your aspirations align with advancing preservation techniques, conducting in-depth analyses, or contributing to the nuanced interpretation of cultural artifacts. At the heart of ABM are the core values of inclusive participation, curiosity, respect, candid debate, and collaboration between the core disciplines of science, curatorial/cultural history, and conservation, working seamlessly to safeguard our cultural heritage.

By supporting ABM, you not only endorse innovative research but also embrace a collaborative ethos. We extend a warm welcome to all participants in cultural heritage studies, recognizing that it is through collective efforts that we can make a lasting impact on the preservation and understanding of our shared cultural legacy. Join us in shaping a future where knowledge and appreciation of our cultural heritage flourish, thanks to your vital contribution.

Authors
avatar for Julie Arslanoglu

Julie Arslanoglu

Research Scientist, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Department of Scientific Research
Julie Arslanoglu is a Research Scientist in the Department of Scientific Research at The Metropolitan Museum of Art. She investigates the identification, interaction, and degradation of natural and synthetic organic materials including paints, coatings, and adhesives, using mass-spectrometric... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 5:15pm - 5:30pm MDT
Room 355 EF (Salt Palace)

6:30pm MDT

(Reception) ASG, OSG, and RATS at the Clubhouse ($55 members/$29 students)
Join your Colleagues for a reception at the ClubHouse; the former residence of the first women's club in Utah is now a community center and event venue. Short tours highlighting the renovations will be offered. Tickets are available to be added to your registration. Member pricing is for specialty group members.

Sponsors
avatar for Conserv

Conserv

Conserv is not just a data logger company, we offer the first tailor-made system for collections care. Effortless data collection from purpose-built wireless sensors with intuitive data analysis made for preservation professionals including real-time alerts. Turn on Conserv environmental... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 6:30pm - 9:15pm MDT
The Clubhouse 850 East South Temple Street, Salt Lake City, UT 84102

6:30pm MDT

(Reception) BPG and PMG at Red Butte Gardens ($65 members/$35 students)
Join your Colleagues for a night in the gardens. View and stroll the stunning gardens at Red Butte. Mix, mingle, and enjoy tasty food and drink in the glass-enclosed Orangerie. Add tickets to your registration now. Member pricing is for specialty group members.

Sponsors
avatar for GUNNAR USA, INC.

GUNNAR USA, INC.

GUNNAR is a leading supplier of innovative computer-controlled single and low ply flatbed cutting systems. It globally offers localized technical and commercial support for both business units picture framing and décor as well as composites and advanced technical materials.
avatar for University Products

University Products

University Products is the leading supplier of conservation tools and equipment, as well as the largest manufacturer or archival quality storage products around the world. We will have plenty of both on display. Stop by our booth to see what’s new or just to say hello.


Wednesday May 22, 2024 6:30pm - 9:15pm MDT
Red Butte Garden Orangerie

6:30pm MDT

(Reception) PSG, TSG, CAN!, and EMG at Utah Museum of Fine Arts ($60 members/$29 students)
Join your Colleagues for a reception at the Utah Museum of Fine Arts.  Mix, mingle, and enjoy tasty food and drink in a beautiful setting. Add tickets to your registration. Member pricing is for members of the host specialty groups and network. 

Sponsors
avatar for Kremer Pigments Inc.

Kremer Pigments Inc.

Kremer Pigments provides a wide array of raw materials catering to art and conservation needs, including historic and contemporary pigments, mediums, binders, dyes, vegetable-based color paints, oils, brushes, tools, linen, books, and much more.Discover a spectrum of possibilities... Read More →


Wednesday May 22, 2024 6:30pm - 9:15pm MDT
Utah Museum of Fine Arts 410 Campus Center Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84112
 

Filter sessions
Apply filters to sessions.
Filtered by Date -